SKU: BA.BA07569
ISBN 9790006523375. 32.9 x 23.9 cm inches. Text Language: French/German. Preface: Soury, Thomas. Louis de Cahusac.
Rameau's “Les Fêtes de l'Hymen et de l'Amour†was long considered second-rate because its première was associated with a political event. Yet this ballet abounds in novel dramaturgical effects that foreshadow his later operas, such as “Zaïsâ€, “Zoroastre†and “Les Boradesâ€. Working together with his librettist Cahusac, Rameau sought to weave the dance numbers, choruses and stage machinery more tightly into the main plot. He also experimented with stylistic devices unique to this work, the most famous being unquestionably the scene in which the Nile overflows its banks (an impressive ten-voice double chorus with solo voices and orchestra) and the sextet from “Arurisâ€, a scoring found nowhere else in his uvre.For the first time, this scholarly-critical edition of “Les Fêtes de l'Hymen et de l'Amour†presents a reference version of the work that is based on all the major sources for both the libretto and the music, including two recent musical discoveries. As most of the performance material for the première has vanished, our edition is based on the version prepared for the Acadmie Royale de Musique in 1748.
About Barenreiter Urtext
What can I expect from a Barenreiter Urtext edition?
MUSICOLOGICALLY SOUND - A reliable musical text based on all available sources - A description of the sources - Information on the genesis and history of the work - Valuable notes on performance practice - Includes an introduction with critical commentary explaining source discrepancies and editorial decisions ... AND PRACTICAL - Page-turns, fold-out pages, and cues where you need them - A well-presented layout and a user-friendly format - Excellent print quality - Superior paper and binding
SKU: PR.416415760
UPC: 680160636532. 9 x 12 inches.
The 1712 Overture stands out in P.D.Q. Bach's oeuvre for two reasons, among others: it is by far the most programmatic instrumental piece among those by the minimeister of Wein-am-Rhein so far unearthed, and 2) its discovery has led to a revelation about the composer's father, Johann Sebastian Bach, that has exploded like a bombshell on the usually serene musicological landscape. The overture is based on an anecdote told to P.D.Q. Bach by a cousin, Peter Ulrich. Since P.U. Bach lived in Dudeldorf, only a few miles down the road from Wein-am-Rhein, he was P.D.Q.'s closest relative, and he was, in fact, one of the few members of the family who was on speaking terms with P.D.Q. The story, related to P.D.Q. (fortunately for us posterity types) in a letter, may be summarized thus: The town of Dudeldorf was founded by two brothers, Rudi and Dieter Dudel, early in the 18th century. Rudi remained mayor of the newborn burg for the rest of his long life, but Dieter had a dream of starting a musicians' colony, an entire city devoted to music, which dream, he finally decided, could be realized only in the New World. In 1712, he and several other bagpipers sailed to Boston, never to return to Germany. (Henceforth, Rudi became known as der deutscher Dudel and Dieter as the Yankee Dudel). Unfortunately, the head of the Boston Musicians' Guild had gotten wind of Dudel's plans, and Wilhelm Wiesel (pron. VEE-zle), known none too affectionately around town as Wiesel the Weasel, was not about to share what few gigs there were in colonial America with more foreigners and outside agitators. He and his cronies were on hand to meet Dudel's boat when it pulled into Boston Harbor; they intended to prevent the newcomers' disembarkation, but Dudel and his companions managed to escape to the other side of the bay in a dinghy, landing with just enough time to rent a carriage and horses before hearing the sound of The Weasel and his men, who had had to come around the long way. The Germans headed West, with the Bostonians in furious pursuit. soon the city had been left far behind, and by midnight so had the pursuers; Dieter Dudel decided that it was safe for him and his men to stop and sleep until daybreak. When they awoke, they found that they were in a beautiful landscape of low, forested mountains and pleasant fields, warmed by the brilliant morning sun and serenaded by an entrancing variety of birds. Here, Dudel thought, her is where I will build my colony. The immigrants continued down the road at a leisurely pace until they came upon a little church, all by itself in the countryside, from which there suddenly emanated the sounds of a pipe organ. At this point, the temptation to quote from P.U. Bach's letter to P.D.Q. cannot be resisted: They went inside and, after listening to the glorious music for a while, introduced themselves to the organist. And who do you think it was? Are you ready for this -- it was your old man! Hey, no kidding -- you know, I'm sure, that your father was the guy to get when it came to testing new organs, and whoever had that one in Massachusetts built offered old Sebastian a tidy sum to go over there and check it out. The unexpected meeting with J.S. Bach and his sponsors was interrupted by the sound of horse hooves, as the dreaded Wiesel and his men thundered on to the scene. They had been riding all night, however, and they were no spring chickens to start with, and as soon as they reached the church they all dropped, exhausted, to the ground. The elated Germans rang the church bells and offered to buy everyone a beer at the nearest tavern. There they were taught, and joined in singing, what might be called the national anthem of the New World. The melody of this pre-revolutionary patriotic song is still remembered (P.D.Q. Bach quotes it, in the bass instruments, near the end of the overture), but is words are now all but forgotten: Freedom, of thee we sing, Freedom e'er is our goal; Death to the English King, Long live Rock and Ross. The striking paucity of biographical references to Johann Sebastian Bah during the year 1712 can now be explained: he was abroad for a significant part of that year, testing organs in the British Colonies. That this revelation has not been accepted as fact by the musicological establishment is no surprise, since it means that a lot of books would have to be rewritten. The members of that establishment haven't even accepted the existence of P.D.Q. Bach, one of whose major works the 1712 Overture certainly is. It is also a work that shows Tchaikowsky up as the shameless plagiarizer that some of us have always known he was. The discovery of this awesome opus was made possible by a Boston Pops Centennial Research Commission; the first modern performance took place at the opening concert of the 100th anniversary season of that orchestra, under the exciting but authentic direction of John Williams.
SKU: PR.41641576L
UPC: 680160636549. 11 x 17 inches.
SKU: BR.PB-5544-07
ISBN 9790004213544. 6.5 x 9 inches.
That Schumann truly dug his heels into symphonic creation becomes clear at the latest when we look not only at his four well-known symphonies, but also at the works between the genres, such as the Overture, Scherzo and Finale. Unlike the traditional symphonic form, this work has no slow movement. Schumann spoke of it as a suite which hints at a loose connection of movements and as a sinfonietta. Ultimately, he decided to name it after the headings of the three movements which also share common traits among one another. Overture, Scherzo and Finale is being published here for the first time with an Urtext score and parts. The genesis of the work was marked by corrections and revisions. Schumann subjected the work to a thorough revision after the premiere performance and, after the publication of the orchestral parts in 1846, made more changes for the first edition of the score seven years later.Urtext of Schumanns Sinfonietta.
SKU: BA.BA10252
ISBN 9790006538775. 31 x 24.3 cm inches. Key: F major. Preface: Terence Best.
Handel’s Concerto in F major (HWV 331) was long considered a variant of two movements from the three suites of his “Water Music†(HWV 348-350). Recently our understanding of the “Water Music†had to be thoroughly revised owing to new scholarly discoveries. Not only did the structure of the three suites prove to be unhistorical, but Friedrich Chrysander’s 19th-century view turned out to be correct: the two “variants†actually constitute an independent concerto.In musical terms, HWV 331 is related to two movements of the “Water Music†and is frequently performed alongside them. Now it is available for the first time in a performing edition based on the already revised volume of the “Halle Handel Editionâ€, which reflects the current state of scholarship concerning the complex source tradition of the “Water Music†and the Concerto HWV 331.
SKU: HL.132241
ISBN 9788392036517. UPC: 884088970758. 9.25x12.0x0.257 inches. Chopin National Edition (ed. Jan Ekier and Pawel Kaminski).
Called Concerto No. 2, it was written before what is known as Concerto No. 1 (Op. 11). The piece is also available in other Urtext National Editions. 00132292 is the version for one piano. 00132242 is the two piano reduction. 00132289 is a historical version of the full score. The National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin Published by PWM Exclusively Distributed by Hal Leonard Corporation Co-Editors Jan Ekier and Pawel Kaminski The objective of the National Edition is to present Chopin's complete output in its authentic form, based on the entire body of available sources. Sources were analyzed with up-to-date scientific and musicological methodology. The National Edition was based on sources originated from the composer, mainly autographs, copies of autographs and first editions with the composer's corrections, and pupils' copies with Chopin's annotations. In cases when original sources were lacking, the closest possible materials were used. Collecting the source materials was a laborious task which took years of effort. The characteristics of sources, the links and discrepancies between them as well as the reasons for particular editorial decisions are discussed in the Source Commentary in each volume. The Performance Commentary appended to each volume includes: the realization of ornaments, comments on pedal markings (the original markings sometimes are inadequate, due to the difference in sound between pianos used in Chopin`s times and modern pianos), suggestions as to the harmonic legato (a performance technique often used by Chopin and now forgotten). About the National Edition Full Introduction to the Polish National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin.
SKU: BR.PB-14615
The study score (,,Studien-Edition) is available at G. Henle Verlag.
ISBN 9790004214909. 10 x 12.5 inches.
The Famous One in the Leading EditionBeethoven spent a relatively long time on his 5th Symphony. Thus, first sketches can already be found from as early as 1804, four years before the work was premiered in Vienna in December 1808. Not only impressive is its striking opening theme, letting everyone know immediately that this is Beethoven being played, but also its nickname symphony of fate. Nothing in the sources prefigures the much-cited fate, musically knocking here at the door. The autograph of the score and the set of parts prepared from it, including Beethoven's revisions, serve as the main sources of this Urtext edition, together with the missing copy of the score, now extant only incomplete in photographs, and the original edition of the parts authorized by Beethoven. The new performance material is based on the recently published volume of the New Beethoven Complete Edition.
SKU: HL.132274
UPC: 884088971083. 9.25x12.0x0.194 inches.
In this most perfect of Chopin's rondos the orchestra becomes an expressive and important partner for the piano soloist. The solo piano version is published in 00132229. The two piano reduction is published in 00132232. The National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin Published by PWM Exclusively Distributed by Hal Leonard Corporation Co-Editors Jan Ekier and Pawel Kaminski The objective of the National Edition is to present Chopin's complete output in its authentic form, based on the entire body of available sources. Sources were analyzed with up-to-date scientific and musicological methodology. The National Edition was based on sources originated from the composer, mainly autographs, copies of autographs and first editions with the composer's corrections, and pupils' copies with Chopin's annotations. In cases when original sources were lacking, the closest possible materials were used. Collecting the source materials was a laborious task which took years of effort. The characteristics of sources, the links and discrepancies between them as well as the reasons for particular editorial decisions are discussed in the Source Commentary in each volume. The Performance Commentary appended to each volume includes: the realization of ornaments, comments on pedal markings (the original markings sometimes are inadequate, due to the difference in sound between pianos used in Chopin`s times and modern pianos), suggestions as to the harmonic legato (a performance technique often used by Chopin and now forgotten). About the National Edition Full Introduction to the Polish National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin.
SKU: HL.132289
ISBN 9788392036524. UPC: 884088971236. 9.25x12.0x0.277 inches.
The historical version of the score is what Chopin agreed to have published, for various reasons, but it is contaminated by involvement of foreign editorial input. The performance full score 00132241 or its 2 piano reduction 00132132242 are practical editions that are considered more authoritative for performance. The National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin Published by PWM Exclusively Distributed by Hal Leonard Corporation Co-Editors Jan Ekier and Pawel Kaminski The objective of the National Edition is to present Chopin's complete output in its authentic form, based on the entire body of available sources. Sources were analyzed with up-to-date scientific and musicological methodology. The National Edition was based on sources originated from the composer, mainly autographs, copies of autographs and first editions with the composer's corrections, and pupils' copies with Chopin's annotations. In cases when original sources were lacking, the closest possible materials were used. Collecting the source materials was a laborious task which took years of effort. The characteristics of sources, the links and discrepancies between them as well as the reasons for particular editorial decisions are discussed in the Source Commentary in each volume. The Performance Commentary appended to each volume includes: the realization of ornaments, comments on pedal markings (the original markings sometimes are inadequate, due to the difference in sound between pianos used in Chopin`s times and modern pianos), suggestions as to the harmonic legato (a performance technique often used by Chopin and now forgotten). About the National Edition Full Introduction to the Polish National Edition of the Works of Fryderyk Chopin.
SKU: HL.51489817
UPC: 840126932782. 6.75x9.5x0.341 inches.
The premiere of this work in December 1813 ranks among the greatest successes Beethoven ever celebrated in public as a composer. One reviewer wrote at the time that in its themes the new symphony was “so favourable and easily comprehensible that every music lover falls for the powerful allure of its beauty.†The incisiveness of the themes is fundamentally related to the basic ostinato rhythms, which help shape each movement’s distinctive character. Richard Wagner even called the composition, with its ecstatic finale, an “apotheosis of the dance.†Based on the musical text of the Beethoven Complete Edition and furnished with a new preface, this recently prepared edition reflects the latest in Beethoven scholarship. Now, in this study edition, it is available to everyone at a reasonable price and in a handy format.
About Henle Urtext
What I can expect from Henle Urtext editions:
SKU: HL.49046988
ISBN 9781705174333. UPC: 842819115281. 8.25x11.75x0.695 inches.
SYNOPSIS Aribert Reimann's 'Trilogie lyrique' is based on three plays by Maurice Maeterlinck: In L'Intruse, a family is sitting at the table with their blind grandfather. They are waiting for the doctor to arrive and tend to his daughter who is lying ill in bed after having given birth: her new-born son has not yet made a single sound. The old man senses that something is wrong due to the uneasy atmosphere in the room. Who is sitting in our midst? he asks. He is the only one who cansee the presence of death. Interieur: Once again a family is gathered round the table in the evening, but this time we observe the action from outside, looking through the window with the grandfather and a stranger: no sound can be heard. Outside the house, the stranger reports that the eldest daughter has drowned and that he has pulled her out of the river. Although the corpse is already being carried through the village to the family, the grandfather cannot bring himself to destroy this idyll. La Mort de Tintagiles: The young Tintagiles is told a story about a mysterious castle and the aged queen who has all potential heirsto the throne murdered. His siblings sense that Tintagiles has been summoned to the castle to be murdered, but nobody openly expresses this fact. It is the sinister messengers of death from the interludes, now visible as the queens servants, who ful?l her demand and snatch the sleeping boy from his sisters'arms. Commentary 'In comparison with his Medea for example with its stormy outbreaks of emotion and violence, Reimann's score is worked in an impressive refinement of sound. It begins with rumbling, hesitating and expressive music in the first section, demanding highly ingenious sound effects from the lower strings including tapping and faltering glissandos in its noisy expression of mortal fear. Inthe second part, the woodwind formation plays at times almost in chamber music fashion and is then suddenly painfully shrill. The third part luxuriates and rages in its rich, full orchestration. The manner in which Reimann displays his mastery in textural shading, the invention of sounds welling up and fading away, the rhythmic and melodic capacity of suffering and the music's inner violence are all utterly compelling.'(Wolfgang Schreiber, Opernwelt, November 2017).
SKU: BR.EOS-20472-00
Today, it is hard to believe that Bedrich Smetana kept receiving rejections when he tried to get his enormously popular Moldau printed.
ISBN 9790004780008. 10 x 12.5 inches.
What is also amazing is that the first text-critical edition prepared by the Czech Smetana expert Milan Pospisil in 1999, which had entailed an exhaustive evaluation of the sources and been given a full text-critical editorial treatment as a Eulenburg study score, had no resonance of any kind among performers since no performance material had been published. After 15 years, Pospisils edition is finally being completed in a manner suitable for practice: with a conducting score and orchestral parts which will ensure that all future performances are based on a musical text that is as reliable as can be.
The work depicts the course of the river Vltava, beginning with its first two sources, the cold and warm Vltava, and the confluence of the two streams that join to form a single river; then the course of the Vltava through forests and meadows, and through open countryside where a peasant wedding is being celebrated; water-sprites dance by the light of the moon; on the nearby cliffs castles, mansions and ruins rise proudly into the air; the Vltava eddies in the St John's Rapids, then flows in a broad stream as it continues its course towards Prague, where the Vysehrad appears, before the river finally disappears into the distance as it flows majestically into the Elbe.Vltava (The Moldau), Smetana's best-known and most frequently performed orchestral work, was written between 19 November and 8 December 1874, at a time when Smetana was already completely deaf. The world premiere took place in Prague on 4 April 1875, but the score was not published until 1880.
SKU: BR.PB-5432
World premiere of the orchestral version: Stuttgart, January 1, 2018World premiere of the piano version: Mito, June 17, 2017
Have a look into EB 9283.
ISBN 9790004212790. 10 x 12.5 inches.
Marche fatale is an incautiously daring escapade that may annoy the fans of my compositions more than my earlier works, many of which have prevailed only after scandals at their world premieres. My Marche fatale has, though, little stylistically to do with my previous compositional path; it presents itself without restraint, if not as a regression, then still as a recourse to those empty phrases to which modern civilization still clings in its daily utility music, whereas music in the 20th and 21st centuries has long since advanced to new, unfamiliar soundscapes and expressive possibilities. The key term is banality. As creators we despise it, we try to avoid it - though we are not safe from the cheap banal even within new aesthetic achievements.Many composers have incidentally accepted the banal. Mozart wrote Ein musikalischer Spass [A Musical Jape], a deliberately amateurishly miscarried sextet. Beethoven's Bagatellen op. 119 were rejected by the publisher on the grounds that few will believe that this minor work is by the famous Beethoven. Mauricio Kagel wrote, tongue in cheek, so to speak, Marsche, um den Sieg zu verfehlen [Marches for being Unvictorious], Ligeti wrote Hungarian Rock; in his Circus Polka Stravinsky quoted and distorted the famous, all too popular Schubert military march, composed at the time for piano duet. I myself do not know, though, whether I ought to rank my Marche fatale alongside these examples: I accept the humor in daily life, the more so as this daily life for some of us is not otherwise to be borne. In music, I mistrust it, considering myself all the closer to the profounder idea of cheerfulness having little to do with humor. However: Isn't a march with its compelling claim to a collectively martial or festive mood absurd, a priori? Is it even music at all? Can one march and at the same time listen? Eventually, I resolved to take the absurd seriously - perhaps bitterly seriously - as a debunking emblem of our civilization that is standing on the brink. The way - seemingly unstoppable - into the black hole of all debilitating demons: that can become serene. My old request of myself and my music-creating surroundings is to write a non-music, whence the familiar concept of music is repeatedly re-defined anew and differently, so that derailed here - perhaps? - in a treacherous way, the concert hall becomes the place of mind-opening adventures instead of a refuge in illusory security. How could that happen? The rest is - thinking.(Helmut Lachenmann, 2017)CD (Version for Piano):Nicolas Hodges CD Wergo WER 7393 2 Bibliography:Ich bin nicht ,,pietistisch verformt. Ein Gesprach [von Jan Brachmann] mit dem Komponisten Helmut Lachenmann, in: FAZ vom 7. Juni 2018, p. 15.World premiere of the piano version: Mito/Japan, June 17, 2017, World premiere of the orchestral version: Stuttgart, January 1, 2018, World premiere of the ensemble version: Frankfurt, December 9, 2020.
SKU: AP.45840S
UPC: 038081524092. English. Starship; Miami Sound Machine; Cher.
The '80s had a sound of its own and this medley by Patrick Roszell captures it! Remember big hair and big hits as you play Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now, Words Get in the Way, and If I Could Turn Back Time. Put on your whitewashed jeans and grab your walkman---this is '80s Soundtrax! (4:30).
SKU: BR.PB-5583
ISBN 9790004213933. 10 x 12.5 inches.
Little is known about the actual composition process of Lemminkainen and the performance and publication history is rather complex, resulting in a first complete printing of all the four movements en suite through the complete edition of Jean Sibelius Works only in 2013.In summer 1894 Sibelius went to Central Europe, carrying among others a plan for an opera freely based on the Kalevala in his mind. But during this trip he reassessed his composing: I think I have found my old self again, musically speaking. I think I really am a tone painter and a poet. As a result he abandoned his opera plans, but musical parts may have found their way into the Lemminkainen pieces which he started composing during that time. Definitely the overture had, it is now known and loved as The Swan of Tuonela. Lemminkainen became popular from the beginning and has attained a fixed position in the concert repertoire.
SKU: FG.55009-402-4
ISBN 979-0-55009-402-4.
According to Rautavaara The name of the work is a quotation from the libretto of my opera The House of the Sun: . . .like a butterfly in a dark autumn garden. . .. The motif to which these words are sung is the theme for the variations in the first movement. Their texture gradually grows and becomes denser. Following on without a break is a slow, poetic movement of even rhythms and dynamics. The quick, lively finale begins giocoso e leggiero. But autumn is also a time of colour, and of death. At the end the music thus turns into a festive dance con grandezza. Maybe it bears the echo of a sarabande to the dying splendour of summer - or as T.S. Eliot put it: late roses filled with early snow. Autumn Gardens was commissioned by the Scottish Chamber Orchestra and premiered at the London Proms in July 1999.
SKU: BR.PB-5719
ISBN 9790004216569. 0 x 0 inches.
Strauss had originally intended that Don Quixotealways be performed, if possible, together with Heldenleben, since Don Q. in particular is only fully comprehensible alongside Heldenleben. To date, Strauss's wish is rarely respected. The Don Quixote Urtext edition now being published by Breitkopf & Hartel can assist here. Once again, the new edition is based on Strauss's own engraver's model, helping to clarify numerous misunderstandings, and facilitating the correction of dozens of traditional errors. Furthermore, the woodwind parts, previously available only in manuscript form, are now appearing completely engraved for the first time.This new edition is also being augmented by a piano reduction of the most important orchestral passages for facilitating the study of the solo cello and viola parts; these two solo parts are also separately included with the purchase of the piano reduction.First Urtext edition since the original edition; Evaluation of all available manuscript and printed sources; Detailed preface giving the genesis and reception history; Detailed critical report; Facsimile pages.
SKU: BR.PB-5552-07
ISBN 9790004213629. 6.5 x 9 inches.
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart wrote his Hafner Symphony K. 385 in the summer of 1782 on the occasion of the elevation into the nobility of his friend and patron Sigmund Hafner. Next to the well-known movements, this version (A) also contained the March K. 408/2 (385a) and possibly a second, no longer extant minuet. Called Hafner=Musique by Mozart, the work was unquestionably a serenade at first. In early 1783 Mozart then reduced the Hafner Music for his subscription concert at the Vienna Burgtheater on 23 March 1783 to a four-movement symphony. This is the form in which the work was first printed in 1785 (Version B). For a further performance, Mozart added flute and clarinet parts to the symphony. In 1805, this version (C) was published by Andre in Offenbach, who thus began making it known.The primary sources of the present Breitkopf Urtext edition are the autographs to K. 385 and K. 408/2 (385a). It thus becomes possible for the first time to play all three versions of the Hafner Music, since the variants of Versions A and B can be easily discerned through indications in footnotes and notes in small print.
SKU: BR.PB-5373
ISBN 9790004212417. 10 x 12.5 inches.
SKU: BR.PB-16106
ISBN 9790004214336. 10 x 12.5 inches.
Classical ReminiscencesDuring his time as conductor of the Detmold court orchestra, the young Brahms was inspired by the local wind ensemble to compose two serenades. Serenade No. 2, scored for five pairs of winds, violas, cellos, and string basses (leaving out the violins) is strongly reminiscent in sound of Mozart's wind serenades. The expressive Adagio is the heart of the five-movement work. Quite untypical of Brahms, he acquired a liking for the work from the outset, still undertaking a revision scarcely 15 years after the premiere of 1860; this has now been made available in a new practical edition based on the Johannes Brahms Complete Edition (JBG).
SKU: BA.BA08841-79
ISBN 9790006541232. 32.5 x 25.5 cm inches.
Prelude a l'apres-midi d'un faune, often referred to as the first composition of the modern era, is one of Debussy's most popular and frequently performed orchestral works. The piece comes down to us in an array of sources, and several important ones are drawn upon for the first time in Baerenreiter's new scholarly-critical edition. Most of the currently available editions are based on the first edition from 1895 which, however, contains many engraver errors. When the corresponding orchestral parts are also taken into consideration, countless discrepancies are revealed.
About Barenreiter Urtext Orchestral Parts
Why musicians love to play from Bärenreiter Urtext Orchestral Parts
- Urtext editions as close as possible to the composer’s intentions - With alternate versions in full score and parts - Orchestral parts in an enlarged format of 25.5cm x 32.5cm - With cues, rehearsal letters, and page turns where players need them - Clearly presented divisi passages so that players know exactly what they have to play - High-quality paper with a slight yellow tinge which does not glare under lights and is thick enough that reverse pages do not shine through
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