In 'Tosca' Puccini explored the dark side of human emotion a marked change from the late-Romantic sentimentality of 'La Boheme'. Also in contrast to 'La Bohème' where the villain was fate and so the stage action was minimal both heros and villains are humans who struggle on stage and the clashes are always between single individuals. It is a story of cheating and doubt - nothing seems honest and direct even love is troubled by jealousy.Thisis the Schirmer Ediiton of the Libretto in the original Italian with an English translation by John Gutman.
