SKU: HL.49046544
ISBN 9781705122655. UPC: 842819108726. 9.0x12.0x0.224 inches.
I composed the Piano Concerto in two stages: the first three movements during the years 1985-86, the next two in 1987, the final autograph of the last movement was ready by January, 1988. The concerto is dedicated to the American conductor Mario di Bonaventura. The markings of the movements are the following: 1. Vivace molto ritmico e preciso 2. Lento e deserto 3. Vivace cantabile 4. Allegro risoluto 5. Presto luminoso.The first performance of the three-movement Concerto was on October 23rd, 1986 in Graz. Mario di Bonaventura conducted while his brother, Anthony di Bonaventura, was the soloist. Two days later the performance was repeated in the Vienna Konzerthaus. After hearing the work twice, I came to the conclusion that the third movement is not an adequate finale; my feeling of form demanded continuation, a supplement. That led to the composing of the next two movements. The premiere of the whole cycle took place on February 29th, 1988, in the Vienna Konzerthaus with the same conductor and the same pianist. The orchestra consisted of the following: flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn, trumpet, tenor trombone, percussion and strings. The flautist also plays the piccoIo, the clarinetist, the alto ocarina. The percussion is made up of diverse instruments, which one musician-virtuoso can play. It is more practical, however, if two or three musicians share the instruments. Besides traditional instruments the percussion part calls also for two simple wind instruments: the swanee whistle and the harmonica. The string instrument parts (two violins, viola, cello and doubles bass) can be performed soloistic since they do not contain divisi. For balance, however, the ensemble playing is recommended, for example 6-8 first violins, 6-8 second, 4-6 violas, 4-6 cellos, 3-4 double basses. In the Piano Concerto I realized new concepts of harmony and rhythm. The first movement is entirely written in bimetry: simultaneously 12/8 and 4/4 (8/8). This relates to the known triplet on a doule relation and in itself is nothing new. Because, however, I articulate 12 triola and 8 duola pulses, an entangled, up till now unheard kind of polymetry is created. The rhythm is additionally complicated because of asymmetric groupings inside two speed layers, which means accents are asymmetrically distributed. These groups, as in the talea technique, have a fixed, continuously repeating rhythmic structures of varying lengths in speed layers of 12/8 and 4/4. This means that the repeating pattern in the 12/8 level and the pattern in the 4/4 level do not coincide and continuously give a kaleidoscope of renewing combinations. In our perception we quickly resign from following particular rhythmical successions and that what is going on in time appears for us as something static, resting. This music, if it is played properly, in the right tempo and with the right accents inside particular layers, after a certain time 'rises, as it were, as a plane after taking off: the rhythmic action, too complex to be able to follow in detail, begins flying. This diffusion of individual structures into a different global structure is one of my basic compositional concepts: from the end of the fifties, from the orchestral works Apparitions and Atmospheres I continuously have been looking for new ways of resolving this basic question. The harmony of the first movement is based on mixtures, hence on the parallel leading of voices. This technique is used here in a rather simple form; later in the fourth movement it will be considerably developed. The second movement (the only slow one amongst five movements) also has a talea type of structure, it is however much simpler rhythmically, because it contains only one speed layer. The melody is consisted in the development of a rigorous interval mode in which two minor seconds and one major second alternate therefore nine notes inside an octave. This mode is transposed into different degrees and it also determines the harmony of the movement; however, in closing episode in the piano part there is a combination of diatonics (white keys) and pentatonics (black keys) led in brilliant, sparkling quasimixtures, while the orchestra continues to play in the nine tone mode. In this movement I used isolated sounds and extreme registers (piccolo in a very low register, bassoon in a very high register, canons played by the swanee whistle, the alto ocarina and brass with a harmon-mute' damper, cutting sound combinations of the piccolo, clarinet and oboe in an extremely high register, also alternating of a whistle-siren and xylophone). The third movement also has one speed layer and because of this it appears as simpler than the first, but actually the rhythm is very complicated in a different way here. Above the uninterrupted, fast and regular basic pulse, thanks to the asymmetric distribution of accents, different types of hemiolas and inherent melodical patterns appear (the term was coined by Gerhard Kubik in relation to central African music). If this movement is played with the adequate speed and with very clear accentuation, illusory rhythmic-melodical figures appear. These figures are not played directly; they do not appear in the score, but exist only in our perception as a result of co-operation of different voices. Already earlier I had experimented with illusory rhythmics, namely in Poeme symphonique for 100 metronomes (1962), in Continuum for harpsichord (1968), in Monument for two pianos (1976), and especially in the first and sixth piano etude Desordre and Automne a Varsovie (1985). The third movement of the Piano Concerto is up to now the clearest example of illusory rhythmics and illusory melody. In intervallic and chordal structure this movement is based on alternation, and also inter-relation of various modal and quasi-equidistant harmony spaces. The tempered twelve-part division of the octave allows for diatonical and other modal interval successions, which are not equidistant, but are based on the alternation of major and minor seconds in different groups. The tempered system also allows for the use of the anhemitonic pentatonic scale (the black keys of the piano). From equidistant scales, therefore interval formations which are based on the division of an octave in equal distances, the twelve-tone tempered system allows only chromatics (only minor seconds) and the six-tone scale (the whole-tone: only major seconds). Moreover, the division of the octave into four parts only minor thirds) and three parts (three major thirds) is possible. In several music cultures different equidistant divisions of an octave are accepted, for example, in the Javanese slendro into five parts, in Melanesia into seven parts, popular also in southeastern Asia, and apart from this, in southern Africa. This does not mean an exact equidistance: there is a certain tolerance for the inaccurateness of the interval tuning. These exotic for us, Europeans, harmony and melody have attracted me for several years. However I did not want to re-tune the piano (microtone deviations appear in the concerto only in a few places in the horn and trombone parts led in natural tones). After the period of experimenting, I got to pseudo- or quasiequidistant intervals, which is neither whole-tone nor chromatic: in the twelve-tone system, two whole-tone scales are possible, shifted a minor second apart from each other. Therefore, I connect these two scales (or sound resources), and for example, places occur where the melodies and figurations in the piano part are created from both whole tone scales; in one band one six-tone sound resource is utilized, and in the other hand, the complementary. In this way whole-tonality and chromaticism mutually reduce themselves: a type of deformed equidistancism is formed, strangely brilliant and at the same time slanting; illusory harmony, indeed being created inside the tempered twelve-tone system, but in sound quality not belonging to it anymore. The appearance of such slantedequidistant harmony fields alternating with modal fields and based on chords built on fifths (mainly in the piano part), complemented with mixtures built on fifths in the orchestra, gives this movement an individual, soft-metallic colour (a metallic sound resulting from harmonics). The fourth movement was meant to be the central movement of the Concerto. Its melodc-rhythmic elements (embryos or fragments of motives) in themselves are simple. The movement also begins simply, with a succession of overlapping of these elements in the mixture type structures. Also here a kaleidoscope is created, due to a limited number of these elements - of these pebbles in the kaleidoscope - which continuously return in augmentations and diminutions. Step by step, however, so that in the beginning we cannot hear it, a compiled rhythmic organization of the talea type gradually comes into daylight, based on the simultaneity of two mutually shifted to each other speed layers (also triplet and duoles, however, with different asymmetric structures than in the first movement). While longer rests are gradually filled in with motive fragments, we slowly come to the conclusion that we have found ourselves inside a rhythmic-melodical whirl: without change in tempo, only through increasing the density of the musical events, a rotation is created in the stream of successive and compiled, augmented and diminished motive fragments, and increasing the density suggests acceleration. Thanks to the periodical structure of the composition, always new but however of the same (all the motivic cells are similar to earlier ones but none of them are exactly repeated; the general structure is therefore self-similar), an impression is created of a gigantic, indissoluble network. Also, rhythmic structures at first hidden gradually begin to emerge, two independent speed layers with their various internal accentuations. This great, self-similar whirl in a very indirect way relates to musical associations, which came to my mind while watching the graphic projection of the mathematical sets of Julia and of Mandelbrot made with the help of a computer. I saw these wonderful pictures of fractal creations, made by scientists from Brema, Peitgen and Richter, for the first time in 1984. From that time they have played a great role in my musical concepts. This does not mean, however, that composing the fourth movement I used mathematical methods or iterative calculus; indeed, I did use constructions which, however, are not based on mathematical thinking, but are rather craftman's constructions (in this respect, my attitude towards mathematics is similar to that of the graphic artist Maurits Escher). I am concerned rather with intuitional, poetic, synesthetic correspondence, not on the scientific, but on the poetic level of thinking. The fifth, very short Presto movement is harmonically very simple, but all the more complicated in its rhythmic structure: it is based on the further development of ''inherent patterns of the third movement. The quasi-equidistance system dominates harmonically and melodically in this movement, as in the third, alternating with harmonic fields, which are based on the division of the chromatic whole into diatonics and anhemitonic pentatonics. Polyrhythms and harmonic mixtures reach their greatest density, and at the same time this movement is strikingly light, enlightened with very bright colours: at first it seems chaotic, but after listening to it for a few times it is easy to grasp its content: many autonomous but self-similar figures which crossing themselves. I present my artistic credo in the Piano Concerto: I demonstrate my independence from criteria of the traditional avantgarde, as well as the fashionable postmodernism. Musical illusions which I consider to be also so important are not a goal in itself for me, but a foundation for my aesthetical attitude. I prefer musical forms which have a more object-like than processual character. Music as frozen time, as an object in imaginary space evoked by music in our imagination, as a creation which really develops in time, but in imagination it exists simultaneously in all its moments. The spell of time, the enduring its passing by, closing it in a moment of the present is my main intention as a composer. (Gyorgy Ligeti).
SKU: BR.PB-5694
ISBN 9790004216316. 10 x 12.5 inches.
In the fall of 1909 Sibelius wrote in his diary: At Koli! One of the greatest impressions in my life. Plans [for] 'La Montagne'! These plans proved to be for the Fourth Symphony. The composition process was not an easy one and in the end - according to his diary - Sibelius was struggling with God! and only just able to finish the work in time for the premiere in spring 1911: My new symphony is a total protest against present-day compositions. Nothing - absolutely nothing of the circus [in it]. This extraordinary work was at first found difficult to understand although its technical brilliance was recognized. The appreciation of the Fourth has, however, grown in the course of years.
SKU: BT.DHP-1043670-015
Versailles, composed by Christian Bouthier, reflectsa number of impressions of the royal castle inVersailles, near Paris. There are four movementsconsisting of Le Chateau, Le grand Trianon,L’Appartement du Roi and Les Grandes Eaux eachof which depicts a different aspect of Versaillesboth inside and outside. Bring a touch of regalnessto any concert band programme. Versailles, gecomponeerd door Christian Bouthier, geeft een aantal indrukken weer van het koninklijke kasteel te Versailles, vlak bij Parijs. De vier afwisselende delen beschrijven achtereenvolgens Le ch teau (het kasteelzelf), Le grand Trianon (het extra complex dat Lodewijk XIV liet bouwen), L’Appartement du Roi (het appartement van de koning) en Les Grandes Eaux (de waterpartijen). De fraaie thema’s worden verklankt inboeiende, gemakkelijk te spelen muziek voor blaasorkest.Versailles, aus der Feder von Christian Bouthier, spiegelt eine Reihe von Impressionen des königlichen Schlosses in Versailles bei Paris wider. Die vier abwechslungsreichen Sätze beschreiben das Schloss selbst, den Nebenpalast Le Grand Trianon, die Gemächer des Königs und das weitläufige System an Wasserläufen und Teichen, welches die ganze Anlage einst versorgte. Prächtige Motive, verpackt in interessante, leicht spielbare Musik. Versailles de Christian Bouthier est une suite en quatre tableaux inspirés du célèbre Ch teau de Versailles près de Paris.1. Le Ch teau Dès 1623, Louis XIII, le père de Louis XIV (dit le Roi-Soleil), construit Versailles un premier ch teau majestueux. Plus tard, l’architecte Philibert Le Roy s’est vu confier la t che de l’agrandir. Et durant des siècles, divers autres architectes se consacrent l’agrandissement et l’embellissement de ce superbe palais pour en faire cet ensemble de façades et de b timents majestueux, célèbre dans le monde entier.2. Le grand Trianon Trianon est le nom d'un village acheté par Louis XIV dans le but de construire sur ces nouvelles terres unautre palais. Cherchant se défaire du protocole trop pesant de Versailles, le Roi est Trianon plus proche des siens. Trianon demeurera un lieu de détente, loin de l'étiquette et des fatigues du pouvoir. Les travaux du premier Trianon débutent en 1670. De nombreux b timents et péristyles seront rajoutés au fil des années.3. L'Appartement du Roi En 1683, Louis XIV quitte son Grand Appartement pour vivre dans son appartement intérieur qu'on appelle l'Appartement du Roi. Depuis 1701, la suite des pièces est la suivante : salle des Gardes, antichambre du Grand Couvert, antichambre de l'Œil-de-bœuf, chambre du Roi, cabinet du Conseil. L'apparat des plafonds peints qui caractérisait le décor du Grand Appartement, fait place un décor sobre où les plafonds sont laissés nus. Cet allégement correspond un nouveau go t du Roi-Soleil.4. Les Grandes EauxTrouver les ressources en eaux pour les fontaines de Versailles fut la préoccupation constante du Roi-Soleil. Même en pleine guerre, il s'en inquiétait. Ce sera l’extraordinaire Machine de Marly qui apportera les eaux de la Seine Versailles. L’arrivée des eaux au Ch teau aura nécessité la construction d’un réseau hydraulique de rigoles, de fossés et d'aqueducs s’étendant sur près de deux cent kilomètres. L'ensemble demeure unique notamment par son état de conservation.
SKU: BA.BA11844
ISBN 9790006574797. 31 x 24.3 cm inches.
This edition contains Couperin’s four “Concerts royauxâ€, which were published in 1722 as part of Book III of his “Pièces de clavecinâ€. For the first time it makes these pieces, scored for chamber ensemble, separately available in an Urtext edition. It is based on the musical text of the solo harpsichord version found in the pioneering new edition of “Pièces de clavecin III†(BA 10846). The editor has painstakingly evaluated the many impressions of the original print, most of which he himself discovered in libraries throughout the world.The preface (Fr/Eng) contains informative details on historical performance practice and on the conception of the “Concerts royauxâ€, which Couperin expressly intended to be performed either by solo harpsichord or with accompanying ensemble. The modern engraving preserves essential features of the original print, which largely avoids page-turns within the pieces. It thereby brings today’s players close to the special sound of this music in a fascinating way. Couperin’s table of embellishments and symbols as well as a glossary (Fr/Eng) and a detailed Critical Commentary (Eng) round off this long-overdue Urtext edition.
About Barenreiter Urtext
What can I expect from a Barenreiter Urtext edition?
MUSICOLOGICALLY SOUND - A reliable musical text based on all available sources - A description of the sources - Information on the genesis and history of the work - Valuable notes on performance practice - Includes an introduction with critical commentary explaining source discrepancies and editorial decisions ... AND PRACTICAL - Page-turns, fold-out pages, and cues where you need them - A well-presented layout and a user-friendly format - Excellent print quality - Superior paper and binding
SKU: CA.9730305
ISBN 9790007112516. Language: German.
We belong to the earth, introduced by his text, which consists of words by the Indian chief Seattle and a verse from the Bible (Job 36, verse 4), in nature-like and aural impressions of the primeval vagueness and the later material reality of the different peoples. The four-part mixed-voice choir is joined by a varied ensemble of percussion instruments, with vibraphone, cowbells and thunder stick in the foreground. At its concludion: Perhaps we are all brothers? We shall see! this piece, with its emphasis on percussion, is a fascinating work of our time. Score available separately - see item CA.9730300.
SKU: BR.DLV-5256
ISBN 9790004801895. 10 x 12.5 inches.
Heissa, hopsa, bei Regen und Wind - from Shakespeare's 'Twelfth Night' Unklar bleibt warum Sibelius etwa zeitgleich eine weitere Fassung des Werks nur mit deutschem Text fur Singstimme und Streichorchester anfertigte. Soweit bekannt wurde diese Fassung vor ihrer erstmaligen Veroffentlichung im Jahr 2003 in der Gesamtausgabe ,,Jean Sibelius Werke (JSW) noch nicht aufgefuhrt. It remains uncertain why Sibelius wrote another version of the work with German text only for voice and string orchestra around the same time. As far as is known this latter version has never been performed before its first publication in the volume of the complete edition Jean Sibelius Works in 2003. In den meisten Fallen beschrankte sich Sibelius auf ein relativ kleines Orchester. In ,,Varen flyktar hastigt sind neben den Streichern nur zwei Floten und vier Horner besetzt. Nearly all of the orchestral arrangements were made years after the original compositions for voice and piano. Yet even though the arrangements were made in a very short period of time Sibelius handled the combination of solo voice and orchestra in all songs with equal mastery sometimes creating dark and dramatic atmospheres (in Pa verandan vid havet) sometimes radiant colorful impressions (in Soluppgang) or light-colored transparent textures (in Varen flyktar hastigt) and always basing his ideas on the poetic idea of the song while discovering refined ways of supporting it. In most cases Sibelius used a comparatively small orchestra: Varen flyktar hastigt has only two flute and four horns added to the strings. Mit dem Erscheinen der Erstausgabe 1986 eroberte sich das Werk rasch seinen Platz neben den anderen Streichorchesterwerken des finnischen Komponisten. Das vorliegende Impromptu entstand Anfang 1894, als Jean Sibelius die kurz zuvor komponierten Klavier-Impromptus op. 5 Nr. 5 und Nr. 6 zusammenfugte und fur Streichorchester instrumentierte. Die beiden im Gestus vollig unterschiedlichen Charakterstudien finden dabei zu einem einheitlichen Ganzen da Sibelius das Hauptthema aus dem sturmischen.
SKU: CA.5022400
ISBN 9790007087418. Key: F major. Language: all languages.
Rheinberger began work on his second Symphony during his visit to Italy with his wife in 1874. He was commissioned to write it by an orchestral society in Florence - an indication that his reputation had already spread throughout Europe. The autograph score contains a poem by his wife Fanny, which in four sections expressed the moods of impressions of the visit which seem to underlie the symphony. Contemporaries praised particularly the beauty of the Adagio. The work is here presented for the first time in an edition based critically on the sources.
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