Piano

SKU: BO.B.3662

Composed by Joan Comellas. Published by Editorial de Musica Boileau (BO.B.3662).

The Sonatas de Paris are divided into two books. Comellas began the series in early 1952 and they were finished in 1955. As with most of his works, he composed without having a plan to premier them or a commission. So upon having them completed, he filed them away. On many occasions, his close friend Jordi Giro would read thrue the pieces or Anna Ricci would sing his songs, but very little of his music was performed during his life time.

The two books entitled Sonatas de Paris are really to books with totally different character. The first book is made up of short piano pieces in a neo baroque style. More than following strict forms of the baroque suite, the pieces are more a evoking of the baroque style. Book one loosely follows the idea of a suite or ordre, where as book two is much freer in structure being made up of various pieces, a few in memory of his favored composers (Albeniz, Debussy, and Granados) ending with a group of four dances, Las indias danzantes [Dances of the Indian girls], that refer to an Indian dance. This group of dances is not really playable by one pianist and seems to be really meant to be performed piano 4 hands, but since there is no note about this in the score it is hard to say. A few of these pieces were performed by Rosa Sabater in Paris in 1980.

The present edition is based on manuscripts that are in the Joan Comellas deposit in the National Catalonian Library in Barcelona.

Chamber Music Piano

SKU: CF.PL1056

Composed by Clara Wieck-Schumann, Franz Schubert, and Robert Schumann. Edited by Nicholas Hopkins. Collection. With Standard notation. 128 pages. Carl Fischer Music #PL1056. Published by Carl Fischer Music (CF.PL1056).

ISBN 9781491153390. UPC: 680160910892. Transcribed by Franz Liszt.

Introduction It is true that Schubert himself is somewhat to blame for the very unsatisfactory manner in which his admirable piano pieces are treated. He was too immoderately productive, wrote incessantly, mixing insignificant with important things, grand things with mediocre work, paid no heed to criticism, and always soared on his wings. Like a bird in the air, he lived in music and sang in angelic fashion. --Franz Liszt, letter to Dr. S. Lebert (1868) Of those compositions that greatly interest me, there are only Chopin's and yours. --Franz Liszt, letter to Robert Schumann (1838) She [Clara Schumann] was astounded at hearing me. Her compositions are really very remarkable, especially for a woman. There is a hundred times more creativity and real feeling in them than in all the past and present fantasias by Thalberg. --Franz Liszt, letter to Marie d'Agoult (1838) Chretien Urhan (1790-1845) was a Belgian-born violinist, organist and composer who flourished in the musical life of Paris in the early nineteenth century. According to various accounts, he was deeply religious, harshly ascetic and wildly eccentric, though revered by many important and influential members of the Parisian musical community. Regrettably, history has forgotten Urhan's many musical achievements, the most important of which was arguably his pioneering work in promoting the music of Franz Schubert. He devoted much of his energies to championing Schubert's music, which at the time was unknown outside of Vienna. Undoubtedly, Urhan was responsible for stimulating this enthusiasm in Franz Liszt; Liszt regularly heard Urhan's organ playing in the St.-Vincent-de-Paul church in Paris, and the two became personal acquaintances. At eighteen years of age, Liszt was on the verge of establishing himself as the foremost pianist in Europe, and this awakening to Schubert's music would prove to be a profound experience. Liszt's first travels outside of his native provincial Hungary were to Vienna in 1821-1823, where his father enrolled him in studies with Carl Czerny (piano) and Antonio Salieri (music theory). Both men had important involvements with Schubert; Czerny (like Urhan) as performer and advocate of Schubert's music and Salieri as his theory and composition teacher from 1813-1817. Curiously, Liszt and Schubert never met personally, despite their geographical proximity in Vienna during these years. Inevitably, legends later arose that the two had been personal acquaintances, although Liszt would dismiss these as fallacious: I never knew Schubert personally, he was once quoted as saying. Liszt's initial exposure to Schubert's music was the Lieder, what Urhan prized most of all. He accompanied the tenor Benedict Randhartinger in numerous performances of Schubert's Lieder and then, perhaps realizing that he could benefit the composer more on his own terms, transcribed a number of the Lieder for piano solo. Many of these transcriptions he would perform himself on concert tour during the so-called Glanzzeit, or time of splendor from 1839-1847. This publicity did much to promote reception of Schubert's music throughout Europe. Once Liszt retired from the concert stage and settled in Weimar as a conductor in the 1840s, he continued to perform Schubert's orchestral music, his Symphony No. 9 being a particular favorite, and is credited with giving the world premiere performance of Schubert's opera Alfonso und Estrella in 1854. At this time, he contemplated writing a biography of the composer, which regrettably remained uncompleted. Liszt's devotion to Schubert would never waver. Liszt's relationship with Robert and Clara Schumann was far different and far more complicated; by contrast, they were all personal acquaintances. What began as a relationship of mutual respect and admiration soon deteriorated into one of jealousy and hostility, particularly on the Schumann's part. Liszt's initial contact with Robert's music happened long before they had met personally, when Liszt published an analysis of Schumann's piano music for the Gazette musicale in 1837, a gesture that earned Robert's deep appreciation. In the following year Clara met Liszt during a concert tour in Vienna and presented him with more of Schumann's piano music. Clara and her father Friedrich Wieck, who accompanied Clara on her concert tours, were quite taken by Liszt: We have heard Liszt. He can be compared to no other player...he arouses fright and astonishment. His appearance at the piano is indescribable. He is an original...he is absorbed by the piano. Liszt, too, was impressed with Clara--at first the energy, intelligence and accuracy of her piano playing and later her compositions--to the extent that he dedicated to her the 1838 version of his Etudes d'execution transcendante d'apres Paganini. Liszt had a closer personal relationship with Clara than with Robert until the two men finally met in 1840. Schumann was astounded by Liszt's piano playing. He wrote to Clara that Liszt had played like a god and had inspired indescribable furor of applause. His review of Liszt even included a heroic personification with Napoleon. In Leipzig, Schumann was deeply impressed with Liszt's interpretations of his Noveletten, Op. 21 and Fantasy in C Major, Op. 17 (dedicated to Liszt), enthusiastically observing that, I feel as if I had known you twenty years. Yet a variety of events followed that diminished Liszt's glory in the eyes of the Schumanns. They became critical of the cult-like atmosphere that arose around his recitals, or Lisztomania as it came to be called; conceivably, this could be attributed to professional jealousy. Clara, in particular, came to loathe Liszt, noting in a letter to Joseph Joachim, I despise Liszt from the depths of my soul. She recorded a stunning diary entry a day after Liszt's death, in which she noted, He was an eminent keyboard virtuoso, but a dangerous example for the young...As a composer he was terrible. By contrast, Liszt did not share in these negative sentiments; no evidence suggests that he had any ill-regard for the Schumanns. In Weimar, he did much to promote Schumann's music, conducting performances of his Scenes from Faust and Manfred, during a time in which few orchestras expressed interest, and premiered his opera Genoveva. He later arranged a benefit concert for Clara following Robert's death, featuring Clara as soloist in Robert's Piano Concerto, an event that must have been exhilarating to witness. Regardless, her opinion of him would never change, despite his repeated gestures of courtesy and respect. Liszt's relationship with Schubert was a spiritual one, with music being the one and only link between the two men. That with the Schumanns was personal, with music influenced by a hero worship that would aggravate the relationship over time. Nonetheless, Liszt would remain devoted to and enthusiastic for the music and achievements of these composers. He would be a vital force in disseminating their music to a wider audience, as he would be with many other composers throughout his career. His primary means for accomplishing this was the piano transcription. Liszt and the Transcription Transcription versus Paraphrase Transcription and paraphrase were popular terms in nineteenth-century music, although certainly not unique to this period. Musicians understood that there were clear distinctions between these two terms, but as is often the case these distinctions could be blurred. Transcription, literally writing over, entails reworking or adapting a piece of music for a performance medium different from that of its original; arrangement is a possible synonym. Adapting is a key part of this process, for the success of a transcription relies on the transcriber's ability to adapt the piece to the different medium. As a result, the pre-existing material is generally kept intact, recognizable and intelligible; it is strict, literal, objective. Contextual meaning is maintained in the process, as are elements of style and form. Paraphrase, by contrast, implies restating something in a different manner, as in a rewording of a document for reasons of clarity. In nineteenth-century music, paraphrasing indicated elaborating a piece for purposes of expressive virtuosity, often as a vehicle for showmanship. Variation is an important element, for the source material may be varied as much as the paraphraser's imagination will allow; its purpose is metamorphosis. Transcription is adapting and arranging; paraphrasing is transforming and reworking. Transcription preserves the style of the original; paraphrase absorbs the original into a different style. Transcription highlights the original composer; paraphrase highlights the paraphraser. Approximately half of Liszt's compositional output falls under the category of transcription and paraphrase; it is noteworthy that he never used the term arrangement. Much of his early compositional activities were transcriptions and paraphrases of works of other composers, such as the symphonies of Beethoven and Berlioz, vocal music by Schubert, and operas by Donizetti and Bellini. It is conceivable that he focused so intently on work of this nature early in his career as a means to perfect his compositional technique, although transcription and paraphrase continued well after the technique had been mastered; this might explain why he drastically revised and rewrote many of his original compositions from the 1830s (such as the Transcendental Etudes and Paganini Etudes) in the 1850s. Charles Rosen, a sympathetic interpreter of Liszt's piano works, observes, The new revisions of the Transcendental Etudes are not revisions but concert paraphrases of the old, and their art lies in the technique of transformation. The Paganini etudes are piano transcriptions of violin etudes, and the Transcendental Etudes are piano transcriptions of piano etudes. The principles are the same. He concludes by noting, Paraphrase has shaded off into composition...Composition and paraphrase were not identical for him, but they were so closely interwoven that separation is impossible. The significance of transcription and paraphrase for Liszt the composer cannot be overstated, and the mutual influence of each needs to be better understood. Undoubtedly, Liszt the composer as we know him today would be far different had he not devoted so much of his career to transcribing and paraphrasing the music of others. He was perhaps one of the first composers to contend that transcription and paraphrase could be genuine art forms on equal par with original pieces; he even claimed to be the first to use these two terms to describe these classes of arrangements. Despite the success that Liszt achieved with this type of work, others viewed it with circumspection and criticism. Robert Schumann, although deeply impressed with Liszt's keyboard virtuosity, was harsh in his criticisms of the transcriptions. Schumann interpreted them as indicators that Liszt's virtuosity had hindered his compositional development and suggested that Liszt transcribed the music of others to compensate for his own compositional deficiencies. Nonetheless, Liszt's piano transcriptions, what he sometimes called partitions de piano (or piano scores), were instrumental in promoting composers whose music was unknown at the time or inaccessible in areas outside of major European capitals, areas that Liszt willingly toured during his Glanzzeit. To this end, the transcriptions had to be literal arrangements for the piano; a Beethoven symphony could not be introduced to an unknowing audience if its music had been subjected to imaginative elaborations and variations. The same would be true of the 1833 transcription of Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique (composed only three years earlier), the astonishingly novel content of which would necessitate a literal and intelligible rendering. Opera, usually more popular and accessible for the general public, was a different matter, and in this realm Liszt could paraphrase the original and manipulate it as his imagination would allow without jeopardizing its reception; hence, the paraphrases on the operas of Bellini, Donizetti, Mozart, Meyerbeer and Verdi. Reminiscence was another term coined by Liszt for the opera paraphrases, as if the composer were reminiscing at the keyboard following a memorable evening at the opera. Illustration (reserved on two occasions for Meyerbeer) and fantasy were additional terms. The operas of Wagner were exceptions. His music was less suited to paraphrase due to its general lack of familiarity at the time. Transcription of Wagner's music was thus obligatory, as it was of Beethoven's and Berlioz's music; perhaps the composer himself insisted on this approach. Liszt's Lieder Transcriptions Liszt's initial encounters with Schubert's music, as mentioned previously, were with the Lieder. His first transcription of a Schubert Lied was Die Rose in 1833, followed by Lob der Tranen in 1837. Thirty-nine additional transcriptions appeared at a rapid pace over the following three years, and in 1846, the Schubert Lieder transcriptions would conclude, by which point he had completed fifty-eight, the most of any composer. Critical response to these transcriptions was highly favorable--aside from the view held by Schumann--particularly when Liszt himself played these pieces in concert. Some were published immediately by Anton Diabelli, famous for the theme that inspired Beethoven's variations. Others were published by the Viennese publisher Tobias Haslinger (one of Beethoven's and Schubert's publishers in the 1820s), who sold his reserves so quickly that he would repeatedly plead for more. However, Liszt's enthusiasm for work of this nature soon became exhausted, as he noted in a letter of 1839 to the publisher Breitkopf und Hartel: That good Haslinger overwhelms me with Schubert. I have just sent him twenty-four new songs (Schwanengesang and Winterreise), and for the moment I am rather tired of this work. Haslinger was justified in his demands, for the Schubert transcriptions were received with great enthusiasm. One Gottfried Wilhelm Fink, then editor of the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, observed of these transcriptions: Nothing in recent memory has caused such sensation and enjoyment in both pianists and audiences as these arrangements...The demand for them has in no way been satisfied; and it will not be until these arrangements are seen on pianos everywhere. They have indeed made quite a splash. Eduard Hanslick, never a sympathetic critic of Liszt's music, acknowledged thirty years after the fact that, Liszt's transcriptions of Schubert Lieder were epoch-making. There was hardly a concert in which Liszt did not have to play one or two of them--even when they were not listed on the program. These transcriptions quickly became some of his most sough-after pieces, despite their extreme technical demands. Leading pianists of the day, such as Clara Wieck and Sigismond Thalberg, incorporated them into their concert programs immediately upon publication. Moreover, the transcriptions would serve as inspirations for other composers, such as Stephen Heller, Cesar Franck and later Leopold Godowsky, all of whom produced their own transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder. Liszt would transcribe the Lieder of other composers as well, including those by Mendelssohn, Chopin, Anton Rubinstein and even himself. Robert Schumann, of course, would not be ignored. The first transcription of a Schumann Lied was the celebrated Widmung from Myrten in 1848, the only Schumann transcription that Liszt completed during the composer's lifetime. (Regrettably, there is no evidence of Schumann's regard of this transcription, or even if he was aware of it.) From the years 1848-1881, Liszt transcribed twelve of Robert Schumann's Lieder (including one orchestral Lied) and three of Clara (one from each of her three published Lieder cycles); he would transcribe no other works of these two composers. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, contrary to those of Schubert, are literal arrangements, posing, in general, far fewer demands on the pianist's technique. They are comparatively less imaginative in their treatment of the original material. Additionally, they seem to have been less valued in their day than the Schubert transcriptions, and it is noteworthy that none of the Schumann transcriptions bear dedications, as most of the Schubert transcriptions do. The greatest challenge posed by Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the composer or the nature of the transcription, was to combine the vocal and piano parts of the original such that the character of each would be preserved, a challenge unique to this form of transcription. Each part had to be intact and aurally recognizable, the vocal line in particular. Complications could be manifold in a Lied that featured dissimilar parts, such as Schubert's Auf dem Wasser zu singen, whose piano accompaniment depicts the rocking of the boat on the shimmering waves while the vocal line reflects on the passing of time. Similar complications would be encountered in Gretchen am Spinnrade, in which the ubiquitous sixteenth-note pattern in the piano's right hand epitomizes the ever-turning spinning wheel over which the soprano voice expresses feelings of longing and heartache. The resulting transcriptions for solo piano would place exceptional demands on the pianist. The complications would be far less imposing in instances in which voice and piano were less differentiated, as in many of Schumann's Lieder that Liszt transcribed. The piano parts in these Lieder are true accompaniments for the voice, providing harmonic foundation and rhythmic support by doubling the vocal line throughout. The transcriptions, thus, are strict and literal, with far fewer demands on both pianist and transcriber. In all of Liszt's Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the way in which the two parts are combined, the melody (i.e. the vocal line) is invariably the focal point; the melody should sing on the piano, as if it were the voice. The piano part, although integral to contributing to the character of the music, is designed to function as accompaniment. A singing melody was a crucial objective in nineteenth-century piano performance, which in part might explain the zeal in transcribing and paraphrasing vocal music for the piano. Friedrich Wieck, father and teacher of Clara Schumann, stressed this point repeatedly in his 1853 treatise Clavier und Gesang (Piano and Song): When I speak in general of singing, I refer to that species of singing which is a form of beauty, and which is a foundation for the most refined and most perfect interpretation of music; and, above all things, I consider the culture of beautiful tones the basis for the finest possible touch on the piano. In many respects, the piano and singing should explain and supplement each other. They should mutually assist in expressing the sublime and the noble, in forms of unclouded beauty. Much of Liszt's piano music should be interpreted with this concept in mind, the Lieder transcriptions and opera paraphrases, in particular. To this end, Liszt provided numerous written instructions to the performer to emphasize the vocal line in performance, with Italian directives such as un poco marcato il canto, accentuato assai il canto and ben pronunziato il canto. Repeated indications of cantando,singend and espressivo il canto stress the significance of the singing tone. As an additional means of achieving this and providing the performer with access to the poetry, Liszt insisted, at what must have been a publishing novelty at the time, on printing the words of the Lied in the music itself. Haslinger, seemingly oblivious to Liszt's intent, initially printed the poems of the early Schubert transcriptions separately inside the front covers. Liszt argued that the transcriptions must be reprinted with the words underlying the notes, exactly as Schubert had done, a request that was honored by printing the words above the right-hand staff. Liszt also incorporated a visual scheme for distinguishing voice and accompaniment, influenced perhaps by Chopin, by notating the accompaniment in cue size. His transcription of Robert Schumann's Fruhlings Ankunft features the vocal line in normal size, the piano accompaniment in reduced size, an unmistakable guide in a busy texture as to which part should be emphasized: Example 1. Schumann-Liszt Fruhlings Ankunft, mm. 1-2. The same practice may be found in the transcription of Schumann's An die Turen will ich schleichen. In this piece, the performer must read three staves, in which the baritone line in the central staff is to be shared between the two hands based on the stem direction of the notes: Example 2. Schumann-Liszt An die Turen will ich schleichen, mm. 1-5. This notational practice is extremely beneficial in this instance, given the challenge of reading three staves and the manner in which the vocal line is performed by the two hands. Curiously, Liszt did not use this practice in other transcriptions. Approaches in Lieder Transcription Liszt adopted a variety of approaches in his Lieder transcriptions, based on the nature of the source material, the ways in which the vocal and piano parts could be combined and the ways in which the vocal part could sing. One approach, common with strophic Lieder, in which the vocal line would be identical in each verse, was to vary the register of the vocal part. The transcription of Lob der Tranen, for example, incorporates three of the four verses of the original Lied, with the register of the vocal line ascending one octave with each verse (from low to high), as if three different voices were participating. By the conclusion, the music encompasses the entire range of Liszt's keyboard to produce a stunning climactic effect, and the variety of register of the vocal line provides a welcome textural variety in the absence of the words. The three verses of the transcription of Auf dem Wasser zu singen follow the same approach, in which the vocal line ascends from the tenor, to the alto and to the soprano registers with each verse. Fruhlingsglaube adopts the opposite approach, in which the vocal line descends from soprano in verse 1 to tenor in verse 2, with the second part of verse 2 again resuming the soprano register; this is also the case in Das Wandern from Mullerlieder. Gretchen am Spinnrade posed a unique problem. Since the poem's narrator is female, and the poem represents an expression of her longing for her lover Faust, variation of the vocal line's register, strictly speaking, would have been impractical. For this reason, the vocal line remains in its original register throughout, relentlessly colliding with the sixteenth-note pattern of the accompaniment. One exception may be found in the fifth and final verse in mm. 93-112, at which point the vocal line is notated in a higher register and doubled in octaves. This sudden textural change, one that is readily audible, was a strategic means to underscore Gretchen's mounting anxiety (My bosom urges itself toward him. Ah, might I grasp and hold him! And kiss him as I would wish, at his kisses I should die!). The transcription, thus, becomes a vehicle for maximizing the emotional content of the poem, an exceptional undertaking with the general intent of a transcription. Registral variation of the vocal part also plays a crucial role in the transcription of Erlkonig. Goethe's poem depicts the death of a child who is apprehended by a supernatural Erlking, and Schubert, recognizing the dramatic nature of the poem, carefully depicted the characters (father, son and Erlking) through unique vocal writing and accompaniment patterns: the Lied is a dramatic entity. Liszt, in turn, followed Schubert's characterization in this literal transcription, yet took it an additional step by placing the register of the father's vocal line in the baritone range, that of the son in the soprano range and that of the Erlking in the highest register, options that would not have been available in the version for voice and piano. Additionally, Liszt labeled each appearance of each character in the score, a means for guiding the performer in interpreting the dramatic qualities of the Lied. As a result, the drama and energy of the poem are enhanced in this transcription; as with Gretchen am Spinnrade, the transcriber has maximized the content of the original. Elaboration may be found in certain Lieder transcriptions that expand the performance to a level of virtuosity not found in the original; in such cases, the transcription approximates the paraphrase. Schubert's Du bist die Ruh, a paradigm of musical simplicity, features an uncomplicated piano accompaniment that is virtually identical in each verse. In Liszt's transcription, the material is subjected to a highly virtuosic treatment that far exceeds the original, including a demanding passage for the left hand alone in the opening measures and unique textural writing in each verse. The piece is a transcription in virtuosity; its art, as Rosen noted, lies in the technique of transformation. Elaboration may entail an expansion of the musical form, as in the extensive introduction to Die Forelle and a virtuosic middle section (mm. 63-85), both of which are not in the original. Also unique to this transcription are two cadenzas that Liszt composed in response to the poetic content. The first, in m. 93 on the words und eh ich es gedacht (and before I could guess it), features a twisted chromatic passage that prolongs and thereby heightens the listener's suspense as to the fate of the trout (which is ultimately caught). The second, in m. 108 on the words Betrogne an (and my blood boiled as I saw the betrayed one), features a rush of diminished-seventh arpeggios in both hands, epitomizing the poet's rage at the fisherman for catching the trout. Less frequent are instances in which the length of the original Lied was shortened in the transcription, a tendency that may be found with certain strophic Lieder (e.g., Der Leiermann, Wasserflut and Das Wandern). Another transcription that demonstrates Liszt's readiness to modify the original in the interests of the poetic content is Standchen, the seventh transcription from Schubert's Schwanengesang. Adapted from Act II of Shakespeare's Cymbeline, the poem represents the repeated beckoning of a man to his lover. Liszt transformed the Lied into a miniature drama by transcribing the vocal line of the first verse in the soprano register, that of the second verse in the baritone register, in effect, creating a dialogue between the two lovers. In mm. 71-102, the dialogue becomes a canon, with one voice trailing the other like an echo (as labeled in the score) at the distance of a beat. As in other instances, the transcription resembles the paraphrase, and it is perhaps for this reason that Liszt provided an ossia version that is more in the nature of a literal transcription. The ossia version, six measures shorter than Schubert's original, is less demanding technically than the original transcription, thus representing an ossia of transcription and an ossia of piano technique. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, in general, display a less imaginative treatment of the source material. Elaborations are less frequently encountered, and virtuosity is more restricted, as if the passage of time had somewhat tamed the composer's approach to transcriptions; alternatively, Liszt was eager to distance himself from the fierce virtuosity of his early years. In most instances, these transcriptions are literal arrangements of the source material, with the vocal line in its original form combined with the accompaniment, which often doubles the vocal line in the original Lied. Widmung, the first of the Schumann transcriptions, is one exception in the way it recalls the virtuosity of the Schubert transcriptions of the 1830s. Particularly striking is the closing section (mm. 58-73), in which material of the opening verse (right hand) is combined with the triplet quarter notes (left hand) from the second section of the Lied (mm. 32-43), as if the transcriber were attempting to reconcile the different material of these two sections. Fruhlingsnacht resembles a paraphrase by presenting each of the two verses in differing registers (alto for verse 1, mm. 3-19, and soprano for verse 2, mm. 20-31) and by concluding with a virtuosic section that considerably extends the length of the original Lied. The original tonalities of the Lieder were generally retained in the transcriptions, showing that the tonality was an important part of the transcription process. The infrequent instances of transposition were done for specific reasons. In 1861, Liszt transcribed two of Schumann's Lieder, one from Op. 36 (An den Sonnenschein), another from Op. 27 (Dem roten Roslein), and merged these two pieces in the collection 2 Lieder; they share only the common tonality of A major. His choice for combining these two Lieder remains unknown, but he clearly recognized that some tonal variety would be needed, for which reason Dem roten Roslein was transposed to C>= major. The collection features An den Sonnenschein in A major (with a transition to the new tonality), followed by Dem roten Roslein in C>= major (without a change of key signature), and concluding with a reprise of An den Sonnenschein in A major. A three-part form was thus established with tonal variety provided by keys in third relations (A-C>=-A); in effect, two of Schumann's Lieder were transcribed into an archetypal song without words. In other instances, Liszt treated tonality and tonal organization as important structural ingredients, particularly in the transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder cycles, i.e. Schwanengesang, Winterreise a...

Voice and Piano

SKU: AP.36-M181291

Composed by Maurice Ravel. Performance Music Ensemble; Solo Voice with Piano. Ludwig Masters. Score and Part(s). Alfred Music #36-M181291. Published by Alfred Music (AP.36-M181291).

UPC: 660355185809. English.

Maurice Ravel (1875-1937) wrote the first of his CINQ MÉLODIES POPULAIRES GRECQUES (Five Greek Folk Melodies) in 1904 at the urgent request of Pierre Aubry, who wished to illustrate a lecture he was giving on Greek folksong. Initially given five folksongs from which to choose, Ravel supplied a piano accompaniment for them in only thirty-six hours. Having impressed those who supplied the original five, three more were produced, which Ravel also quickly set to piano accompaniment, in a style imitative of the Mediterranean lands, but remaining distinctly French in its execution. The five melodies in this collection were selected from those eight. Ravel had started orchestrating all five as well, completing two, leaving Manuel Rosenthal to complete the remaining three. Songs in the collection: I. Le Réveil de la Mariée (Wake Up, My Dear), II. Là-bas, vers l'église (Out There, Where the Church Tower), III. Quel galant m'est comparable (Which Gallant Can Compare With Me?), IV. Chanson des cueilleuses de lentisques (Song of the Lentisk Gatherers), and V. Tout gai! (Be Gay!). The Ravel/Rosenthal orchestrations have been edited by Clinton Nieweg in an edition available from E.F. Kalmus.

These products are currently being prepared by a new publisher. While many items are ready and will ship on time, some others may see delays of several months.

By Emily Crocker, Joyce Eilers. (Singer's Ed). Methodology Chorals. Size 6.75x10.5 inches. 64 pages. Published by Hal Leonard.

By Emily Crocker and Joyce Eilers. (Teacher Ed). Methodology Chorals. Size 9x12 inches. 72 pages. Published by Hal Leonard.

Includes Book 1, Book 2, Audio and Video. Play Today Instructional Series. Instruction, Method. Softcover Media Online. 96 pages. Published by Hal Leonard

Clarinet - late intermediate

SKU: BT.1250-05-404-DHI

Composed by Joachim Johow. Book with Online Audio. Composed 2021. 24 pages. De Haske International #1250-05-404 DHI. Published by De Haske International (BT.1250-05-404-DHI).

ISBN 9789043161695. 9x12 inches. English-German-French-Dut ch.

A collection of original Irish songs designed for violinists produced following years of research. Ideal for concert performances or for private study, the songs range from fast jigs to quiet ballads. With chord symbols to enableperformance with guitar, a harmonica or a banjo. This publication comes with audio tracks (available online in MP3 format) featuring complete performances together with play-along accompaniments.

Deze geslaagde collectie van oude en nieuwe dansen geeft je de kans om mooie folkmuziek te spelen. De stukken in Irish Melodies variëren van snelle, meeslepende jigs tot rustige songs in balladstijl. Om uitvoeringen metanderen mogelijk te maken zijn akkoordsymbolen toegevoegd. De stukken kunnen bijvoorbeeld worden gespeeld in combinatie met instrumenten als gitaar, fluit of banjo die bijzonder geschikt zijn voor de originele speelstijl. Delive opgenomen audiotracks zijn online beschikbaar in mp3-formaat en bevatten voorbeeldversies en begeleidingen van alle melodieën uit het boek, erg handig om mee te studeren óf om mee op te treden.

Diese Sammlung von original irischer Musik bietet etwas fortgeschritteneren Spielern einen Einblick in die Schönheit und den Reichtum von neuen und traditionellen Melodien. Die 17 Stücke variieren von schnellen Jigs bis zu ruhigenBalladen und können alleine oder bei Auftritten gespielt werden. Dank der notierten Akkordsymbole kann man sich stilecht von Gitarre, Akkordeon oder Banjo begleiten lassen. Die online im MP3-Format verfügbaren Audiotracks, dieneben Demoversionen auch Begleitungen aller Stücke umfassen, helfen beim Üben und Vorspielen.

Ce recueil de musique irlandaise permet d'approfondir ses connaissances stylistiques travers des airs irlandais anciens et récents. Les piéces peuventêtre interprétée s en associant des instruments comme la guitare, l'accordéonou le banjo (symboles d´accord notés sur les partitions). Les enregistrements sont disponibles en ligne au format MP3 ; vous trouverez une version de démonstration de chaque piéce ainsi qu´une version play-along.

Questa pubblicazione di musica irlandese permette ai musicisti con gi qualche anno di pratica strumentale di approfondire la conoscenza stilistica attraverso arie antiche e più recenti. I brani possono essere interpretati assiemea strumenti quali la chitarra, la fisarmonica o il banjo (simboli degli accordi segnati sulla partitura). Le registrazioni audio sono accessibili online come file MP3: troverete una registrazione integrale di tutti i brani e ancheuna versione play-along col solo accompagnamento.

Guitar (GUITAR SOLO)

SKU: HL.50489495

Gitariskola - Guitar Tutor. Composed by Erzsé, Mikló, bet Nagy, czi, and s Mosó. EMB. Volume 1. Children, Classical, Hungarian. Book [Softcover]. 68 pages. Editio Musica Budapest #Z8418. Published by Editio Musica Budapest (HL.50489495).

ISBN 9790080084182. Bach (23 x 30,2 cm) inches. Hungarian, English, German.

This publication is a completely revised edition of our five-volume guitar tutor. In the decades since the first edition, the musical interests of our students and their practice possibilities have changed. To adapt to this, we have partly expanded and partly reduced the musical and technical material of the tutor. We have increased the number of recital pieces at all levels of difficulty, so that our students can spend longer on a varied repertoire at their respective level. We have first of all selected works from the Viennese classics for this purpose but have also enriched the repertoire of the tutor with numerous pieces from the Renaissance and Baroque periods. In volumes I and II of the tutor we have given Hungarian folk songs and children's songs a significant amount of space. In the course of revision, we have expanded the material of these two volumes with simple arrangements of folk songs, nursery rhymes and flower songs, and we have provided very easy, but valuable material for instrumental study in particular for children aged between 6 and 10. We have also expanded the chamber music material to be found at the end of the volumes, because we believe that playing music together is the best way to make instrumental study a lasting experience for our students. The parts are relatively simple, sothe works provide a musical experience almost immediately.

Guitar (GUITAR SOLO)

SKU: HL.50487106

Expanded, revised edition. Composed by Erzsé, Mikló, bet Nagy, czi, and s Mosó. EMB. Volume 2. Children, Classical, Hungarian. Softcover. 64 pages. Editio Musica Budapest #Z12280. Published by Editio Musica Budapest (HL.50487106).

ISBN 9790080122808. Bach (23 x 30,2 cm) inches. Erzsebet Nagy; Miklos Mosoczi.

This publication is a completely revised edition of our five-volume guitar tutor. In the decades since the first edition, the musical interests of our students and their practice possibilities have changed. To adapt to this, we have partly expanded and partly reduced the musical and technical material of the tutor. We have increased the number of recital pieces at all levels of difficulty, so that our students can spend longer on a varied repertoire at their respective level. We have first of all selected works from the Viennese classics for this purpose but have also enriched the repertoire of the tutor with numerous pieces from the Renaissance and Baroque periods. In volumes I and II of the tutor we have given Hungarian folk songs and children's songs a significant amount of space. In the course of revision, we have expanded the material of these two volumes with simple arrangements of folk songs, nursery rhymes and flower songs, and we have provided very easy, but valuable material for instrumental study in particular for children aged between 6 and 10. We have also expanded the chamber music material to be found at the end of the volumes, because we believe that playing music together is the best way to make instrumental study a lasting experience for our students. The parts are relatively simple, sothe works provide a musical experience almost immediately.

Band Concert Band

SKU: PR.465000130

For Large Wind Ensemble. Composed by Dan Welcher. Sws. Contemporary. Full score. With Standard notation. Composed 2010. Duration 14 minutes. Theodore Presser Company #465-00013. Published by Theodore Presser Company (PR.465000130).

ISBN 9781598064070. UPC: 680160600144. 9x12 inches.

Following a celebrated series of wind ensemble tone poems about national parks in the American West, Dan Welcher’s Upriver celebrates the Lewis & Clark Expedition from the Missouri River to Oregon’s Columbia Gorge, following the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. Welcher’s imaginative textures and inventiveness are freshly modern, evoking our American heritage, including references to Shenandoah and other folk songs known to have been sung on the expedition. For advanced players. Duration: 14’.
In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark’s Corps of Discovery to find a water route to the Pacific and explore the uncharted West. He believed woolly mammoths, erupting volcanoes, and mountains of pure salt awaited them. What they found was no less mind-boggling: some 300 species unknown to science, nearly 50 Indian tribes, and the Rockies.Ihave been a student of the Lewis and Clark expedition, which Thomas Jefferson called the “Voyage of Discovery,” for as long as I can remember. This astonishing journey, lasting more than two-and-a-half years, began and ended in St. Louis, Missouri — and took the travelers up more than a few rivers in their quest to find the Northwest Passage to the Pacific Ocean. In an age without speedy communication, this was akin to space travel out of radio range in our own time: no one knew if, indeed, the party had even survived the voyage for more than a year. Most of them were soldiers. A few were French-Canadian voyageurs — hired trappers and explorers, who were fluent in French (spoken extensively in the region, due to earlier explorers from France) and in some of the Indian languages they might encounter. One of the voyageurs, a man named Pierre Cruzatte, also happened to be a better-than-average fiddle player. In many respects, the travelers were completely on their own for supplies and survival, yet, incredibly, only one of them died during the voyage. Jefferson had outfitted them with food, weapons, medicine, and clothing — and along with other trinkets, a box of 200 jaw harps to be used in trading with the Indians. Their trip was long, perilous to the point of near catastrophe, and arduous. The dream of a Northwest Passage proved ephemeral, but the northwestern quarter of the continent had finally been explored, mapped, and described to an anxious world. When the party returned to St. Louis in 1806, and with the Louisiana Purchase now part of the United States, they were greeted as national heroes.Ihave written a sizeable number of works for wind ensemble that draw their inspiration from the monumental spaces found in the American West. Four of them (Arches, The Yellowstone Fires, Glacier, and Zion) take their names, and in large part their being, from actual national parks in Utah, Wyoming, and Montana. But Upriver, although it found its voice (and its finale) in the magnificent Columbia Gorge in Oregon, is about a much larger region. This piece, like its brother works about the national parks, doesn’t try to tell a story. Instead, it captures the flavor of a certain time, and of a grand adventure. Cast in one continuous movement and lasting close to fourteen minutes, the piece falls into several subsections, each with its own heading: The Dream (in which Jefferson’s vision of a vast expanse of western land is opened); The Promise, a chorale that re-appears several times in the course of the piece and represents the seriousness of the presidential mission; The River; The Voyageurs; The River II ; Death and Disappointment; Return to the Voyage; and The River III .The music includes several quoted melodies, one of which is familiar to everyone as the ultimate “river song,” and which becomes the through-stream of the work. All of the quoted tunes were either sung by the men on the voyage, or played by Cruzatte’s fiddle. From various journals and diaries, we know the men found enjoyment and solace in music, and almost every night encampment had at least a bit of music in it. In addition to Cruzatte, there were two other members of the party who played the fiddle, and others made do with singing, or playing upon sticks, bones, the ever-present jaw harps, and boat horns. From Lewis’ journals, I found all the tunes used in Upriver: Shenandoah (still popular after more than 200 years), V’la bon vent, Soldier’s Joy, Johnny Has Gone for a Soldier, Come Ye Sinners Poor and Needy (a hymn sung to the tune “Beech Spring”) and Fisher’s Hornpipe. The work follows an emotional journey: not necessarily step-by-step with the Voyage of Discovery heroes, but a kind of grand arch. Beginning in the mists of history and myth, traversing peaks and valleys both real and emotional (and a solemn funeral scene), finding help from native people, and recalling their zeal upon finding the one great river that will, in fact, take them to the Pacific. When the men finally roar through the Columbia Gorge in their boats (a feat that even the Indians had not attempted), the magnificent river combines its theme with the chorale of Jefferson’s Promise. The Dream is fulfilled: not quite the one Jefferson had imagined (there is no navigable water passage from the Missouri to the Pacific), but the dream of a continental destiny.

Composed by Franz Schubert (1797-1828), arranged by Franz Liszt (1811-1886). Collection for solo piano. 192 pages. Published by Dover Publications.

Male voices or female voices, Ch (Male voice or Female voice, Choir)

SKU: BA.BA05509

61 Kompositionen fur Manner- oder Frauenstimmen. Composed by Franz Schubert. Edited by Dietrich Berke. This edition: complete edition, urtext edition. Linen. New Schubert Edition (Neue Ausgabe samtlicher Werke) Series III, Volume 4. Lieder, Romantik (Songs, Romantic). Complete edition, Singing Score, anthology. Baerenreiter Verlag #BA05509_00. Published by Baerenreiter Verlag (BA.BA05509).

ISBN 9790006472048. 27.5 x 19.8 cm inches. Preface: Dürr, Walther / Feil, Arnold / Landon, Christa / Berke, Dietrich.

About Barenreiter Urtext

What can I expect from a Barenreiter Urtext edition?< /p>

MUSICOLOGICA LLY SOUND
- A reliable musical text based on all available sources
- A description of the sources
- Information on the genesis and history of the work
- Valuable notes on performance practice
- Includes an introduction with critical commentary explaining source discrepancies and editorial decisions

... AND PRACTICAL
- Page-turns, fold-out pages, and cues where you need them
- A well-presented layout and a user-friendly format
- Excellent print quality
- Superior paper and binding

SKU: HL.438861

EAST SOUND RESEARCH. Guitar Pedal. Hal Leonard #CM0222. Published by Hal Leonard (HL.438861).

UPC: 852940000622. 6.25x15.75x3.5 inches.

Ok, so you have eight effects pedals which you use regularly. You use various combinations of these pedals in various songs, but you are not good at tap dancing...or you are just clumsy and have (once or twice) stepped on the ultra tricked out-metalized-distortion pedal for the lead in your one ABBA cover. You have seen the digital effects controllers they use on the big stages, and have secretly yearned for one... even though you may never make the big stage. Enter Thomas Guldmann's Octa-switch II. Your eight effects plug into the eight effects-loops on the back of this unit (all true-bypass, impedance free, gold relays so you can run any of your pedals, new and old without problem), and then by turning on or off the numbered switches in each of eight DIP Bank switches, you determine which effects you wish to use simultaneously in each Bank. There is a blue LED for every effects loop used and for each Bank (so once you are programmed, when you step on Bank 6 you will see the lights of all the effects you have assigned to Bank 6 and the Bank 6 LED). The Octa-switch II has incorporated a couple new features as well! The ninth switch on the left side of the case is a BYPASS Switch...this allows you to completely bypass all eight pedals and enjoy only the unaffected sound of your amplifier. There are also two External Switching jacks which allow you to use two amplifiers and/or switch channels on those amps. Once you have all the Banks programmed, we recommend placing a piece of scotch or electrical tape over each DIP (...just to protect the switch from accidental switching, damage or floods...like beer). There is a buffered (or not...switchable) Mono input and a stereo Output, and the unit is powered by dual 9v batteries, or by a regulated power supply...like the Big John or the Pro Power (both by Carl Martin).

Edited by Jamey Aebersold. For any C, Eb, Bb, bass instrument or voice. Play-Along series with accompaniment CD. Jazz Play-A-Long For All Musicians. Book with CD. Published by Jamey Aebersold Jazz.

Grade 3

SKU: CL.012-1826-00

Arranged by A. Reed. Concert Band. Bach Series arranged by Alfred Reed. Audio recording available separately (items CL.WFR324 & CL.WFR195). Sacred, Transcription. Score and set of parts. Composed 1985. Duration 3 minutes, 9 seconds. Opus III Wind Orchestra Publications #012-1826-00. Published by Opus III Wind Orchestra Publications (CL.012-1826-00).

Freely transcribed by Alfred Reed. Developed from one of the 69 Sacred Songs and Airs,’’ this is a stately proclamation of faith and joy superbly transcribed by on of the masters! Alfred Reed’s arrangement take this Bach classic to the next level and will leave your audience’s in complete amazement! A wonderful selection from the first note to the last!

About Bach Series arranged by Alfred Reed

Maste rful settings for concert band by the venerable Alfred Reed, these works have been scored to achieve richness and beauty without detracting from the textural construction created by Bach himself. Marvelous educational and program material!

SKU: HL.50610016

Liszt, Works for Piano Solo, Supplementary Vol. 8. Composed by Franz Liszt. EMB. Hardcover. 232 pages. Editio Musica Budapest #Z14503. Published by Editio Musica Budapest (HL.50610016).

Supplement 8 of the New Liszt Edition contains first versions of Hungarian Rhapsodies Nos 12-21 and two shorter Liszt pieces with a Hungarian connection. All works in the volume appear here for the first time in a scholarly edition. This version of the Hungarian Rhapsodies ensued in 1846-50 from Magyar dallok (Hungarian Songs) Nos 1-11, published in Supplement 7. Piece No. 13 is based on the Rákóczi March, which Liszt set on several occasions. It had been a vital encore piece since his first concert in Hungary in 1839. Inclusion in this volume of the first version of the piece known as the Mosonyi Funeral March (a forerunner of the much later No. 7 in the Hungarian Historical Portraits) is especially notable as its autograph manuscript only emerged recently. A detailed preface in Hungarian, English, and German, including new research results, numerous manuscript facsimiles, and critical notes, makes this volume of the New Liszt Edition an important publication of immense scholarly value. Along with the cloth-bound Complete Edition, a paperback version for practical use has also been published. This edition's contents are identical to those of the hardcover edition with the exception that the critical notes are not included. CONTENTS: 1. Rhapsodies hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 5 No. 12 Héroide élégiaque 2.Rapsodies hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 6 No. 13 3.Rapsodien hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 7 No. 14 4.Rapsodies hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 8 No. 15 5.Rapsodies hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 9 No. 16 6.Rapsodies hongroises R 105b, SW/SH 242/12-17, NG2 A60b - Cahier 10 No. 17 7.Rapsodies hongroises R 105c, SW/SH 242/18-21, NG2 A60c - No. 18 8.Rapsodies hongroises R 105c, SW/SH 242/18-21, NG2 A60c - No. 19 9.Rapsodies hongroises R 105c, SW/SH 242/18-21, NG2 A60c - No. 20 10.Rapsodies hongroises R 105c, SW/SH 242/18-21, NG2 A60c - No. 21 11. Mosonyis Grabgeleit - Original version R 110, SW/SH 194, NG2 A249, 3rd conclusion or conclusion of the 2nd version of Historische ungarische Bilndnisse no. 7 (R 112/7, SW 205/7), SH 205a/7ii, (NG2 A335/7) 12.Dem Andenken Petofis. Mélodie R 111, SW/SH 195, NG2 A279 13.Appendix - Rákóczi-Marsch. Leichtere Version (Fragment) R-, SW-, SH 692d, NG2 A59 (simplified version) 14.Appendix - Rapsodies hongroises R-, SW-, SH 242a, NG2 A59 (simplified version) No. 13 Album leaf 15.Appendix - Ungarische Königslied R 215, SW/SH 544, NG2 A328 - Memorial leaf 16.Appendix - Album leaf R-, SW/SH-, NG2-.

Guitar - Intermediate

SKU: MB.31076M

Chamber, Saddle-stitched. Classical. Book/insert/online audio. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #31076M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.31076M).

ISBN 9781513477695. 8.75x11.75 inches.

Following the model established by Bach and Chopin, George Gershwin (1898 â?? 1937) originally planned to write 24 modern preludes for piano, one in each major and relative minor key. The collection was to be called The Melting Pot as it combined cross-cultural elements of classical, popular, jazz, and blues styles. Already established as a composer of popular songs, Broadway musicals, and masterpieces like Rhapsody in Blue and Concerto in F, Gershwinâ??s frenetic musical activities and an early death intervened, and for various reasonsâ??only three of the completed 5-7 preludes were published in 1927. By omission and circumstance, these three compositions have endured the test of time as Gershwinâ??s Three Preludes.
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This book presents idiomatic flute/guitar arrangements of Gershwinâ??s iconic Three Preludes. The original keys of the preludes were altered to accommodate drop-D guitar tuning and highlight the strengths and tessituras of the two instruments. The music is written in standard notation only and presented in guitar and flute scores, guitar accompaniment with extensive suggested fingering, and a pull-out flute solo part with guitar cues. Includes access to an outstanding online audio recording by The Cypress Duo, featuring flutist Amanda Hoke and author/guitarist Justin Hoke.
 
Audi ences are going to love hearing these preludes rendered by the flute and guitar, particularly â??Prelude IIâ?, in Gershwinâ??s words, â??a sort of blues lullabyâ? that is familiar to many musicians and listeners alike.