Composed by Jacob Narverud. Fold. Octavo. 8 pages. Duration 2 minutes. Carl Fischer Music #CM9648. Published by Carl Fischer Music

Chorus (with soloists) and orchestra (solos: SBar - choir: SATB - pic2.2.2.2.dble bsn.(ad lib) - 4.2.3.1 - timp - 2hp - org(ad lib) - str)

SKU: BR.PB-16109

Urtext based on the new Complete Edition. Composed by Johannes Brahms. Edited by Michael Musgrave and Michael Struck. Choir; Softbound. Partitur-Bibliothek (Score Library). Requiem; Romantic; Late-romantic. Full score. 224 pages. Duration 75'. Breitkopf and Haertel #PB 16109. Published by Breitkopf and Haertel (BR.PB-16109).

ISBN 9790004214367. 10 x 12.5 inches.

The German Requiem is one of the world's most famous requiems, even though it does not set the customary requiem text to music. Brahms did not want to follow the Latin Catholic funeral mass, addressing the Last Judgment's terror and sinful human beings' redemption through death on the cross. His attention, on the contrary, was on Biblical texts that focus on human transience and comfort: comfort to the bereaved and comfort to all who fear death. To some extent, it could be called the epitome of Brahms's work. In the relevant volume of the new Brahms Complete Edition, on which this new practical edition is based, editors Michael Musgrave and Michael Struck clear up all sorts of legends, errors, and erroneous readings. Brahms's subsequent minor compositional changes are taken into account, poor decisions in previous editions are corrected, and the Bible texts sung contain writing and meaning corrections. In addition, the texts elucidate many myths about the composition's origin. Thus, this Urtext edition creates a fresh perspective on the People's Requiem, as Brahms would have preferred to call the composition. This new B&H publication is extremely good value, and it really does breathe new life into an old master. The pages of the full score are delightfully easy on the eye. The edition's visual effect is precise, lucid, and sympathetic - as, indeed, a good performance of Brahms's choral masterpiece should be.(Jeremy Summerly, Choir & Organ)

authoritati ve music text based on the current state of research; erroneous traditional readings corrected; orchestra material tried and tested; new piano vocal score (compact engraving, clear legibility).

Double bass (solos: SBar - choir: SATB - pic2.2.2.2.dble bsn.(ad lib) - 4.2.3.1 - timp - 2hp - org(ad lib) - str)

SKU: BR.OB-16109-27

Urtext based on the new Complete Edition. Composed by Johannes Brahms. Edited by Michael Musgrave and Michael Struck. Choir; stapled. Orchester-Bibliothek (Orchestral Library). Requiem; Romantic; Late-romantic. Part. 16 pages. Duration 75'. Breitkopf and Haertel #OB 16109-27. Published by Breitkopf and Haertel (BR.OB-16109-27).

ISBN 9790004347416. 10 x 12.5 inches.

The German Requiem is one of the world's most famous requiems, even though it does not set the customary requiem text to music. Brahms did not want to follow the Latin Catholic funeral mass, addressing the Last Judgment's terror and sinful human beings' redemption through death on the cross. His attention, on the contrary, was on Biblical texts that focus on human transience and comfort: comfort to the bereaved and comfort to all who fear death. To some extent, it could be called the epitome of Brahms's work. In the relevant volume of the new Brahms Complete Edition, on which this new practical edition is based, editors Michael Musgrave and Michael Struck clear up all sorts of legends, errors, and erroneous readings. Brahms's subsequent minor compositional changes are taken into account, poor decisions in previous editions are corrected, and the Bible texts sung contain writing and meaning corrections. In addition, the texts elucidate many myths about the composition's origin. Thus, this Urtext edition creates a fresh perspective on the People's Requiem, as Brahms would have preferred to call the composition. This new B&H publication is extremely good value, and it really does breathe new life into an old master. The pages of the full score are delightfully easy on the eye. The edition's visual effect is precise, lucid, and sympathetic - as, indeed, a good performance of Brahms's choral masterpiece should be.(Jeremy Summerly, Choir & Organ)

authoritati ve music text based on the current state of research; erroneous traditional readings corrected; orchestra material tried and tested; new piano vocal score (compact engraving, clear legibility).

(Soli SATB, Coro SATB, 2 Corni di bassetto, 2 Fg, 2 Tr, 3 Trb, Timp, 2 Vl, Va, Bc)

SKU: CA.5165209

Completed and edited by Howard Arman. Composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Edited by Howard Arman. Arranged by Howard Arman. Set of Orchestra Parts. KV 626. Duration 50 minutes. Carus Verlag #5165209. Published by Carus Verlag (CA.5165209).

ISBN 9790007313838. Key: D minor. Latin.

The English conductor and composer Howard Arman has presented us with a completed version of Mozart’s Requiem. “Another one?” you might ask, since this publication is only the latest in a long line reaching back to the traditional Süßmayr version. Yet such is the enormous power of Mozart’s score that the challenge and appeal of completing it remain undiminished. After two decades of intensive study, Howard Arman’s additions to Mozart’s great original show the requisite care and respect while incorporating many new insights.

ArmanÃ� �€™s approach is particularly fruitful. Always aware of the appropriate limits to such re-creative work, he orients himself towards the typical characteristics of Mozart’s brilliant composing style: The masterly compositional technique, the search for innovative solutions to every problem, and even the terse treatment of the text with extremely suggestive harmonies. All of this leads to a number of new listening experiences. In the Tuba mirum, for example, we enjoy a warm, cohesive ensemble sound, supported by the bassoons, which depart from the bass line. The Confutatis presents a quite different picture: Even the basset horns are drawn down into the infernal depths. This effect is reinforced by the independence of the trombones; rather than simply following the choral parts, the instrumentâ€â„� �s unique sound is given an opportunity to shine. Arman’s Lacrimosa achieves a lively Mozartian feel by granting the voices considerable freedom rather than following a rigid pattern. And he concludes the movement with a fugal Amen, whereby the focus is not so much on the counterpoint itself, but rather – in the spirit of Mozart – on creating a sense of drama and illuminating the theme in all its possible facets. Mozart’s fragment ends with the Hostias, and so does Arman’s completion.

For the four following movements (Sanctus to Communio) we have nothing from Mozart, and so here, where the master is silent, Arman finally returns to Süßmayr, the man who was closest to Mozart at the time of his death and whose efforts to fill the blank manuscripts still garner our respect today.

Armanâ⠂¬â„¢s version has already proven its practical value. The premiere with the Bavarian Radio Choir was enthusiastically received by audiences and press alike – and celebrated as offering a scholarly, entirely fresh perspective on Mozart’s masterpiece.

- World premiere by the Bavarian Radio Choir
- Enthusiastically received by audience and press.

Piano - Initial-Grade 8

SKU: TL.TCL015303

Trinity College London #TCL 015303. Published by Trinity College London (TL.TCL015303).

ISBN 9780857364869.

This publication features selected exercises from Trinity College London's past piano syllabuses for Initial to Grade 8.
The exercises have been written and graded by leading music educators to aid the development of greater technical proficiency on the piano while also making practice of fundamental skills fun.
Performance notes are provided to help the reader focus on the specific learning outcomes intended of each exercise -- perfect for use in lessons or for self-study.

Exer cises valid for use with the current syllabus are contained within the latest Piano Exam Pieces & Exercises grade books.

Composed by Marie Rose Barret. Leduc. Classical. CD. 310 pages. Alphonse Leduc #AL24933. Published by Alphonse Leduc

The Classical Guitarist's Technique Handbook. Composed by Scott Tennant. This edition: 2nd. Book; Classical Guitar Method or Supplement; Digital Download; Method/Instruction; Software. Pumping Nylon Series. 272 pages. Published by Alfred Music

Composed by William Byrd (1540-1623). For Choral (SATB). LKM Music. Lauren Keiser Music Publishing #S940006. Published by Lauren Keiser Music Publishing

Mixed choir

SKU: FG.55011-568-2

Composed by Alex Freeman. Fennica Gehrman #55011-568-2. Published by Fennica Gehrman (FG.55011-568-2).

ISBN 9790550115682.

The texts of Alex Freeman's Calle sin nombre for mixed choir (2019) are drawn from quotations of families seeking asylum who are victims of the policies of family separation aggressively and abruptly enacted by the administration of President Donald John Trump. These desperate words tread with bare feet across shards of fragmented lines from Emma Lazarus's The New Colossus (the iconic poem enshrined at the base of The Statue of Liberty). A rehearsal reduction for piano is included in the publication. Alex Freeman (b. 1972) grew up in Raleigh, North Carolina. Around the age of 13 he became interested in composing. In 1998 he moved to New York to begin his Doctoral studies at the Juilliard School, studying with Christopher Rouse. The focus of his doctoral document led him to Finland. The recipient of a Fulbright Full Fellowship, he moved to Helsinki in 2001 to research Sibelius's sketches and study composition with Eero Hameenniemi at the Sibelius Academy. Dr. Freeman is currently composing full-time and lives with his wife and children in Finland.

Guitar - Beginning-Intermediate

SKU: MB.22115M

Composed by Pat Kelley. Saddle-stitched, Style, Technique, Theory and Reference, Technique, Theory, Reference and Rhythm. USC School of Music. Rock, blues, jazz, method supplement. Book and online audio. 56 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #22115M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.22115M).

ISBN 9780786696840. 8.75 x 11.75 inches.

Arpeggios are chord notes played one at a time rather than strummed or plucked all together. They are an essential part of great improvising and melody writing because playing chord notes in the right places creates solid melody lines. Chord notes sound more resolved than notes that are chromatic out of the key . Practicing arpeggios will improve your ability to learn melodies, make reading music easier, and develop your tone and picking accuracy. The first part of this book focuses on the basic fingerings of the following six arpeggios: major 7th, major 7th #5 , dominant 7th, minor 7th, minor 7th b5 , and diminished 7th. This book along with its accompanying audio represents a comprehensive guide to all things arpeggio. It delves into traditional applications of arpeggios, as well as how they relate to slash chords, modal music and more. The student will learn about how arpeggios fall over standard chord progressions, as well as how to embellish arpeggios to make them more musical in performance situations. In standard notation and tab. Includes access to online audio.

Woodwinds - Beginning

SKU: MB.31002

Composed by Robert Bancalari. Saddle-stitched. Recorder. Book and online audio. 16 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #31002. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.31002).

ISBN 9781513474588. 8.75x11.77 inches.

This volume focuses on the medieval period from approximately the sixth to fifteenth centuries. The music of this era was traditionally performed as plainchant (sacred) or monophony (secular), that is, as a vocal melody, here reserved for the soprano recorder. Seeking to emulate medieval performance practice, the 20 tunes in this collection are accompanied by a single, drone-like power or 5-chord to be played on a modern-day stringed instrument such as guitar, mandolin or banjo. These simple troubadour songs are ideal for beginners and experienced players alike, who want to be transported back in time, immersed in a bygone era of music. .

Guitar (rock and blues) - Beginning-Intermediate

SKU: MB.30701M

Composed by Sven Nier. Saddle-stitched, Solos, Duets and Ensembles, Method, Solos. Dirt Simple. Style. Book and online audio. 28 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #30701M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.30701M).

ISBN 9781513461663. 8.75 x 11.75 inches.

This guitar method focuses on playing engaging rhythmic themes entirely on open strings. What seems at first to be a simple task quickly becomes a real challenge, requiring a high level of accuracy and an excellent sense of rhythm. While the picking hand can only play what the other hand has prepared, nothing musical will happen unless you pluck the right string. Sven Niers exercises and tunes offer motivating, effective training to facilitate hitting the correct string with precision, winning half the coordination battle. While the audio examples are recorded on an electric instrument, guitar teachers and beginning students in all styles will appreciate this innovative book. Includes access to outstanding play-along online audio with and without the solo part.

Flute - Beginning

SKU: MB.96332M

Composed by Dona Gilliam. Celtic / Irish, Alternative Styles, Flute, Fife and Oboe, Perfect binding. Complete. Style. Book and online audio. 192 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #96332M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.96332M).

ISBN 9780786688760. 8.75 x 11.75 inches.

While the wooden simple-system flute is traditionally used in playing Irish music, a growing number of folk players have adopted the silver flute as a viable alternative. Here for the first time, The Complete Irish Flute Book presents the silver or Boehm flutist with a method for learning authentic Irish ornamentation. This thorough guide provides detailed fingering charts, exercises, and technical essays for learning to execute ornaments in the in the Irish style. Through a wealth of hornpipes, reels, jigs, set dances, and slow airs and songs. This book focuses not only on musical accuracy, but stylistic authenticity as well. Includes access to online audio containing 26 of the 101 tunes from the book.

Guitar - Intermediate

SKU: MB.31008M

Perfect binding. Blues. Book and online audio. 160 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #31008M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.31008M).

ISBN 9781513467016. 8.75x11.75 inches.

Blind Lemon Jefferson was a trail blazer, both as a singer and guitarist, but also as a commercial phenomenon, for he was the first blues musician to establish the tremendous appeal that blues, as played and sung by rural African American folk, had for the record-buying public. It is no exaggeration to say that the sales of Lemon’s records paved the way for a host of other solo rural blues musicians to record in his wake and made the record companies more willing to give other musicians a chance, in the hopes of achieving similar success. 

Lemon ’s record sales weren’t what made him a great musician, though - that could only be attributed to his startlingly virtuosic guitar - playing and soulful singing, developed over years of busking, building on his natural gifts with a great deal of practice and work. In the Guitar of Blind Lemon Jefferson author John Miller presents transcriptions, in standard notation and tablature, of 22 of Lemon’s greatest performances, with an additional essay examining Lemon’s senses of time and phrasing and his picking techniques. Also included is a download link to all the original recordings. 

To present a picture of Lemon the man, noted blues researchers Alan Governar and Kip Lornell have contributed an essay focusing on Lemon’s early life, the origins of his music, and his time spent in a musical partnership with Lead Belly. Links are provided to downloadable performances of the songs in the book from which the transcriptions were made, so that you can have Lemon’s sound in your head as you learn to play his songs.

Blind Lemon Jefferson was remarkable, even in a style that abounded in great musicians, and some measure of his influence can be seen in the fact that musicians recorded in the 1960s, more than thirty years after his death, were still covering his songs and stealing guitar licks from him. The Guitar of Blind Lemon Jefferson gives you the resources needed to learn what was so special about Lemon’s music, and to experience his musical excellence from inside the music itself.

Titles include: One Dime Blues, Got The Blues, Dry Southern Blues, Big Night Blues, Rabbit Foot Blues, Shuckin' Sugar Blues, Where Shall I Be, Wartime Blues, Black Horse Blues, Prison Cell Blues, Piney Woods Money Mama, See That My Grave Is Kept Clean, He Arose From The Dead, Beggin' Back, Broke And Hungry, Bad Luck Blues, Matchbox Blues, Lemon's Worried Blues, That Crawlin' Baby Blues, Easy Rider Blues, Stocking Feet Blues and Right of Way Blues

Level 2/3 • 160 pages • Direct download link to audio files. 

Guitar (rock and blues) - Beginning-Intermediate

SKU: MB.30648M

Composed by Adam Douglass. Saddle-stitched, Technique, Theory and Reference, Pop. Style. Book and online video. 32 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #30648M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.30648M).

ISBN 9780786699490. 8.75 x 11.75 inches.

Is the beginning stage of learning the guitar proving to be a frustrating experience? Do you lack songs which you can play from start to finish? Do the ones that you can play all the way through not sound much like their original versions? I have been teaching these pieces to my beginner students for quite some time now, and the success rate has been remarkable. Most methods start by having the student slowly move back and forth between basic chords using only down strokes, playing chords one note at a time to make sure all the notes ring clear. This book offers something much differentâ??playing music! The pieces are designed to target trouble areas often experienced by beginners of the instrument: arching the fingers enough in order to let all the notes of a chord ring clearly. Rather than just droning on through a series of chords, musical patterns are created so that as you learn proper technique youâ??re also playing something musical. The results have been better than expected. Focusing on figures that demand proper technique and some of the most common strumming patterns found in popular music, many of my students are able to execute beginner and intermediate level songs within a few weeks of picking up the instrument rather than a few months. Additionally, the dreaded F chord, or root 6 major barre chord, often rings clearly with all 6 notes being heard upon the first attempt. This book will help you achieve your guitar related goals quickly, more efficiently, and most importantly, more enjoyably. Includes access to online video.

Drumset - Intermediate

SKU: MB.95457M

Composed by Rob Silverman. Saddle-stitched, Method, Contemporary, Percussion: Drum Set, Rock. Style. Book and online audio. 52 pages. Mel Bay Publications, Inc #95457M. Published by Mel Bay Publications, Inc (MB.95457M).

ISBN 9780786691647. 8.75 x 11.75 inches.

This beginning method book presents an overview of todays contemporary drum rhythms and styles. Rather than focusing on one musical genre, Drumset 101 is a compilation of fundamental coordination exercises that can be applied to many different styles. This book aims to fill the void that has long existed for drum teachers and beginning students, providing one text for all beginning students instead of requiring the purchase of several books covering different styles. Includes access to online audio.

(Unison choir)

SKU: AP.19806

Songbook. Composed by Jay Althouse and Sally K. Albrecht. This edition: Songbook. Classroom/Pre-School; General Music and Classroom Publications - Songbooks; Other Classroom; Songbooks. Book. 60 pages. Alfred Music #00-19806. Published by Alfred Music (AP.19806).

ISBN 9780739008461. UPC: 038081179728. English.

If you can read it rhythmically, you will be stronger musically. That's the premise of this focused songbook which introduces your students to 10 popular rhythm band instruments and the typical rhythms they play. Have some students sing, some play along---then trade! Products available: Teacher's Handbook (includes Reproducibles), Enhanced SoundTrax CD (Accompaniment/Performanc e tracks plus reproducible PDF files of Student Pages & Cover Art), or price-saving Book & CD Kit.

Titles: Shakin It Up! (Shakers) * Olé (Castanets) * Hit Those Sticks (Rhythm Sticks) * A Crash Course (Cymbals) * It's Time for Dinner! (Triangle) * Tick Tock (Woodblock) * Rum ba da Dum Bum Bum (Drum) * Shake My Maracas (Maracas) * The Old Soft Shoe (Sandpaper Blocks) * My New Tambourine (Tambourine).

Band jazz ensemble - beginner, intermediate, advanced

SKU: KJ.W79

Composed by Dean Sorenson. Band method. Music book. Neil A. Kjos Music Company #W79. Published by Neil A. Kjos Music Company (KJ.W79).

ISBN 9780849770265. UPC: 849770262.

Excellence in Jazz Pedagogy is a series of short, targeted publications by renowned jazz educator, composer, and performer Dean Sorenson. Each book in this collection focuses on specific topics important to anyone teaching or studying jazz.
Use the books in the series as:
* reference guides for the working music educator.
* supplements to instrumental techniques and methods courses that are a part of music education degree programs.
* stand-alone texts for undergraduate or graduate level jazz pedagogy courses.
* introductions to jazz topics for students studying privately.
* refreshers for seasoned jazz professionals.
In Volume 2: Jazz Ensemble Rhythm Section the author takes a look at the jazz ensemble rhythm sectionaEURthe engine that powers band. Leading a jazz ensemble successfully requires not only a basic knowledge of each rhythm section instrument and notation used for that instrument but also a thorough understanding of how to dissect and perfect the rhythm section sound and groove. This book will address those needs in a comprehensive yet concise manner. Included with each book is online access to correlated duplicable resources in the Kjos Multimedia Library.

Band concert band - beginner, intermediate, advanced

SKU: KJ.W78

Composed by Dean Sorenson. Band method. Excellence in Jazz Pedagogy, Vol. 1. Book (not sheet music). 88 pages. Neil A. Kjos Music Company #W78. Published by Neil A. Kjos Music Company (KJ.W78).

ISBN 9780849770258.

Exce llence in Jazz Pedagogy is a series of short, targeted publications by renowned jazz educator, composer, and performer Dean Sorenson. Each book in this collection focuses on specific topics important to anyone teaching or studying jazz.

Use the books in the series as:
* reference guides for the working music educator.
* supplements to instrumental techniques and methods courses that are a part of music education degree programs.
* stand-alone texts for undergraduate or graduate level jazz pedagogy courses.
* introductions to jazz topics for students studying privately.
* refreshers for seasoned jazz professionals.

I n Volume 1: Jazz Ensemble Auditions and Repertoire Selection, the author takes a look at the reasons for teaching jazz in school music programs, the rationale behind the grading of jazz materials, and some of the basics to starting a jazz ensemble program--in particular holding auditions and selecting repertoire. Included with each book is online access to correlated duplicable resources in the Kjos Multimedia Library.

Chamber Music Piano

SKU: CF.PL1056

Composed by Clara Wieck-Schumann, Franz Schubert, and Robert Schumann. Edited by Nicholas Hopkins. Collection. With Standard notation. 128 pages. Carl Fischer Music #PL1056. Published by Carl Fischer Music (CF.PL1056).

ISBN 9781491153390. UPC: 680160910892. Transcribed by Franz Liszt.

Introduction It is true that Schubert himself is somewhat to blame for the very unsatisfactory manner in which his admirable piano pieces are treated. He was too immoderately productive, wrote incessantly, mixing insignificant with important things, grand things with mediocre work, paid no heed to criticism, and always soared on his wings. Like a bird in the air, he lived in music and sang in angelic fashion. --Franz Liszt, letter to Dr. S. Lebert (1868) Of those compositions that greatly interest me, there are only Chopin's and yours. --Franz Liszt, letter to Robert Schumann (1838) She [Clara Schumann] was astounded at hearing me. Her compositions are really very remarkable, especially for a woman. There is a hundred times more creativity and real feeling in them than in all the past and present fantasias by Thalberg. --Franz Liszt, letter to Marie d'Agoult (1838) Chretien Urhan (1790-1845) was a Belgian-born violinist, organist and composer who flourished in the musical life of Paris in the early nineteenth century. According to various accounts, he was deeply religious, harshly ascetic and wildly eccentric, though revered by many important and influential members of the Parisian musical community. Regrettably, history has forgotten Urhan's many musical achievements, the most important of which was arguably his pioneering work in promoting the music of Franz Schubert. He devoted much of his energies to championing Schubert's music, which at the time was unknown outside of Vienna. Undoubtedly, Urhan was responsible for stimulating this enthusiasm in Franz Liszt; Liszt regularly heard Urhan's organ playing in the St.-Vincent-de-Paul church in Paris, and the two became personal acquaintances. At eighteen years of age, Liszt was on the verge of establishing himself as the foremost pianist in Europe, and this awakening to Schubert's music would prove to be a profound experience. Liszt's first travels outside of his native provincial Hungary were to Vienna in 1821-1823, where his father enrolled him in studies with Carl Czerny (piano) and Antonio Salieri (music theory). Both men had important involvements with Schubert; Czerny (like Urhan) as performer and advocate of Schubert's music and Salieri as his theory and composition teacher from 1813-1817. Curiously, Liszt and Schubert never met personally, despite their geographical proximity in Vienna during these years. Inevitably, legends later arose that the two had been personal acquaintances, although Liszt would dismiss these as fallacious: I never knew Schubert personally, he was once quoted as saying. Liszt's initial exposure to Schubert's music was the Lieder, what Urhan prized most of all. He accompanied the tenor Benedict Randhartinger in numerous performances of Schubert's Lieder and then, perhaps realizing that he could benefit the composer more on his own terms, transcribed a number of the Lieder for piano solo. Many of these transcriptions he would perform himself on concert tour during the so-called Glanzzeit, or time of splendor from 1839-1847. This publicity did much to promote reception of Schubert's music throughout Europe. Once Liszt retired from the concert stage and settled in Weimar as a conductor in the 1840s, he continued to perform Schubert's orchestral music, his Symphony No. 9 being a particular favorite, and is credited with giving the world premiere performance of Schubert's opera Alfonso und Estrella in 1854. At this time, he contemplated writing a biography of the composer, which regrettably remained uncompleted. Liszt's devotion to Schubert would never waver. Liszt's relationship with Robert and Clara Schumann was far different and far more complicated; by contrast, they were all personal acquaintances. What began as a relationship of mutual respect and admiration soon deteriorated into one of jealousy and hostility, particularly on the Schumann's part. Liszt's initial contact with Robert's music happened long before they had met personally, when Liszt published an analysis of Schumann's piano music for the Gazette musicale in 1837, a gesture that earned Robert's deep appreciation. In the following year Clara met Liszt during a concert tour in Vienna and presented him with more of Schumann's piano music. Clara and her father Friedrich Wieck, who accompanied Clara on her concert tours, were quite taken by Liszt: We have heard Liszt. He can be compared to no other player...he arouses fright and astonishment. His appearance at the piano is indescribable. He is an original...he is absorbed by the piano. Liszt, too, was impressed with Clara--at first the energy, intelligence and accuracy of her piano playing and later her compositions--to the extent that he dedicated to her the 1838 version of his Etudes d'execution transcendante d'apres Paganini. Liszt had a closer personal relationship with Clara than with Robert until the two men finally met in 1840. Schumann was astounded by Liszt's piano playing. He wrote to Clara that Liszt had played like a god and had inspired indescribable furor of applause. His review of Liszt even included a heroic personification with Napoleon. In Leipzig, Schumann was deeply impressed with Liszt's interpretations of his Noveletten, Op. 21 and Fantasy in C Major, Op. 17 (dedicated to Liszt), enthusiastically observing that, I feel as if I had known you twenty years. Yet a variety of events followed that diminished Liszt's glory in the eyes of the Schumanns. They became critical of the cult-like atmosphere that arose around his recitals, or Lisztomania as it came to be called; conceivably, this could be attributed to professional jealousy. Clara, in particular, came to loathe Liszt, noting in a letter to Joseph Joachim, I despise Liszt from the depths of my soul. She recorded a stunning diary entry a day after Liszt's death, in which she noted, He was an eminent keyboard virtuoso, but a dangerous example for the young...As a composer he was terrible. By contrast, Liszt did not share in these negative sentiments; no evidence suggests that he had any ill-regard for the Schumanns. In Weimar, he did much to promote Schumann's music, conducting performances of his Scenes from Faust and Manfred, during a time in which few orchestras expressed interest, and premiered his opera Genoveva. He later arranged a benefit concert for Clara following Robert's death, featuring Clara as soloist in Robert's Piano Concerto, an event that must have been exhilarating to witness. Regardless, her opinion of him would never change, despite his repeated gestures of courtesy and respect. Liszt's relationship with Schubert was a spiritual one, with music being the one and only link between the two men. That with the Schumanns was personal, with music influenced by a hero worship that would aggravate the relationship over time. Nonetheless, Liszt would remain devoted to and enthusiastic for the music and achievements of these composers. He would be a vital force in disseminating their music to a wider audience, as he would be with many other composers throughout his career. His primary means for accomplishing this was the piano transcription. Liszt and the Transcription Transcription versus Paraphrase Transcription and paraphrase were popular terms in nineteenth-century music, although certainly not unique to this period. Musicians understood that there were clear distinctions between these two terms, but as is often the case these distinctions could be blurred. Transcription, literally writing over, entails reworking or adapting a piece of music for a performance medium different from that of its original; arrangement is a possible synonym. Adapting is a key part of this process, for the success of a transcription relies on the transcriber's ability to adapt the piece to the different medium. As a result, the pre-existing material is generally kept intact, recognizable and intelligible; it is strict, literal, objective. Contextual meaning is maintained in the process, as are elements of style and form. Paraphrase, by contrast, implies restating something in a different manner, as in a rewording of a document for reasons of clarity. In nineteenth-century music, paraphrasing indicated elaborating a piece for purposes of expressive virtuosity, often as a vehicle for showmanship. Variation is an important element, for the source material may be varied as much as the paraphraser's imagination will allow; its purpose is metamorphosis. Transcription is adapting and arranging; paraphrasing is transforming and reworking. Transcription preserves the style of the original; paraphrase absorbs the original into a different style. Transcription highlights the original composer; paraphrase highlights the paraphraser. Approximately half of Liszt's compositional output falls under the category of transcription and paraphrase; it is noteworthy that he never used the term arrangement. Much of his early compositional activities were transcriptions and paraphrases of works of other composers, such as the symphonies of Beethoven and Berlioz, vocal music by Schubert, and operas by Donizetti and Bellini. It is conceivable that he focused so intently on work of this nature early in his career as a means to perfect his compositional technique, although transcription and paraphrase continued well after the technique had been mastered; this might explain why he drastically revised and rewrote many of his original compositions from the 1830s (such as the Transcendental Etudes and Paganini Etudes) in the 1850s. Charles Rosen, a sympathetic interpreter of Liszt's piano works, observes, The new revisions of the Transcendental Etudes are not revisions but concert paraphrases of the old, and their art lies in the technique of transformation. The Paganini etudes are piano transcriptions of violin etudes, and the Transcendental Etudes are piano transcriptions of piano etudes. The principles are the same. He concludes by noting, Paraphrase has shaded off into composition...Composition and paraphrase were not identical for him, but they were so closely interwoven that separation is impossible. The significance of transcription and paraphrase for Liszt the composer cannot be overstated, and the mutual influence of each needs to be better understood. Undoubtedly, Liszt the composer as we know him today would be far different had he not devoted so much of his career to transcribing and paraphrasing the music of others. He was perhaps one of the first composers to contend that transcription and paraphrase could be genuine art forms on equal par with original pieces; he even claimed to be the first to use these two terms to describe these classes of arrangements. Despite the success that Liszt achieved with this type of work, others viewed it with circumspection and criticism. Robert Schumann, although deeply impressed with Liszt's keyboard virtuosity, was harsh in his criticisms of the transcriptions. Schumann interpreted them as indicators that Liszt's virtuosity had hindered his compositional development and suggested that Liszt transcribed the music of others to compensate for his own compositional deficiencies. Nonetheless, Liszt's piano transcriptions, what he sometimes called partitions de piano (or piano scores), were instrumental in promoting composers whose music was unknown at the time or inaccessible in areas outside of major European capitals, areas that Liszt willingly toured during his Glanzzeit. To this end, the transcriptions had to be literal arrangements for the piano; a Beethoven symphony could not be introduced to an unknowing audience if its music had been subjected to imaginative elaborations and variations. The same would be true of the 1833 transcription of Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique (composed only three years earlier), the astonishingly novel content of which would necessitate a literal and intelligible rendering. Opera, usually more popular and accessible for the general public, was a different matter, and in this realm Liszt could paraphrase the original and manipulate it as his imagination would allow without jeopardizing its reception; hence, the paraphrases on the operas of Bellini, Donizetti, Mozart, Meyerbeer and Verdi. Reminiscence was another term coined by Liszt for the opera paraphrases, as if the composer were reminiscing at the keyboard following a memorable evening at the opera. Illustration (reserved on two occasions for Meyerbeer) and fantasy were additional terms. The operas of Wagner were exceptions. His music was less suited to paraphrase due to its general lack of familiarity at the time. Transcription of Wagner's music was thus obligatory, as it was of Beethoven's and Berlioz's music; perhaps the composer himself insisted on this approach. Liszt's Lieder Transcriptions Liszt's initial encounters with Schubert's music, as mentioned previously, were with the Lieder. His first transcription of a Schubert Lied was Die Rose in 1833, followed by Lob der Tranen in 1837. Thirty-nine additional transcriptions appeared at a rapid pace over the following three years, and in 1846, the Schubert Lieder transcriptions would conclude, by which point he had completed fifty-eight, the most of any composer. Critical response to these transcriptions was highly favorable--aside from the view held by Schumann--particularly when Liszt himself played these pieces in concert. Some were published immediately by Anton Diabelli, famous for the theme that inspired Beethoven's variations. Others were published by the Viennese publisher Tobias Haslinger (one of Beethoven's and Schubert's publishers in the 1820s), who sold his reserves so quickly that he would repeatedly plead for more. However, Liszt's enthusiasm for work of this nature soon became exhausted, as he noted in a letter of 1839 to the publisher Breitkopf und Hartel: That good Haslinger overwhelms me with Schubert. I have just sent him twenty-four new songs (Schwanengesang and Winterreise), and for the moment I am rather tired of this work. Haslinger was justified in his demands, for the Schubert transcriptions were received with great enthusiasm. One Gottfried Wilhelm Fink, then editor of the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, observed of these transcriptions: Nothing in recent memory has caused such sensation and enjoyment in both pianists and audiences as these arrangements...The demand for them has in no way been satisfied; and it will not be until these arrangements are seen on pianos everywhere. They have indeed made quite a splash. Eduard Hanslick, never a sympathetic critic of Liszt's music, acknowledged thirty years after the fact that, Liszt's transcriptions of Schubert Lieder were epoch-making. There was hardly a concert in which Liszt did not have to play one or two of them--even when they were not listed on the program. These transcriptions quickly became some of his most sough-after pieces, despite their extreme technical demands. Leading pianists of the day, such as Clara Wieck and Sigismond Thalberg, incorporated them into their concert programs immediately upon publication. Moreover, the transcriptions would serve as inspirations for other composers, such as Stephen Heller, Cesar Franck and later Leopold Godowsky, all of whom produced their own transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder. Liszt would transcribe the Lieder of other composers as well, including those by Mendelssohn, Chopin, Anton Rubinstein and even himself. Robert Schumann, of course, would not be ignored. The first transcription of a Schumann Lied was the celebrated Widmung from Myrten in 1848, the only Schumann transcription that Liszt completed during the composer's lifetime. (Regrettably, there is no evidence of Schumann's regard of this transcription, or even if he was aware of it.) From the years 1848-1881, Liszt transcribed twelve of Robert Schumann's Lieder (including one orchestral Lied) and three of Clara (one from each of her three published Lieder cycles); he would transcribe no other works of these two composers. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, contrary to those of Schubert, are literal arrangements, posing, in general, far fewer demands on the pianist's technique. They are comparatively less imaginative in their treatment of the original material. Additionally, they seem to have been less valued in their day than the Schubert transcriptions, and it is noteworthy that none of the Schumann transcriptions bear dedications, as most of the Schubert transcriptions do. The greatest challenge posed by Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the composer or the nature of the transcription, was to combine the vocal and piano parts of the original such that the character of each would be preserved, a challenge unique to this form of transcription. Each part had to be intact and aurally recognizable, the vocal line in particular. Complications could be manifold in a Lied that featured dissimilar parts, such as Schubert's Auf dem Wasser zu singen, whose piano accompaniment depicts the rocking of the boat on the shimmering waves while the vocal line reflects on the passing of time. Similar complications would be encountered in Gretchen am Spinnrade, in which the ubiquitous sixteenth-note pattern in the piano's right hand epitomizes the ever-turning spinning wheel over which the soprano voice expresses feelings of longing and heartache. The resulting transcriptions for solo piano would place exceptional demands on the pianist. The complications would be far less imposing in instances in which voice and piano were less differentiated, as in many of Schumann's Lieder that Liszt transcribed. The piano parts in these Lieder are true accompaniments for the voice, providing harmonic foundation and rhythmic support by doubling the vocal line throughout. The transcriptions, thus, are strict and literal, with far fewer demands on both pianist and transcriber. In all of Liszt's Lieder transcriptions, regardless of the way in which the two parts are combined, the melody (i.e. the vocal line) is invariably the focal point; the melody should sing on the piano, as if it were the voice. The piano part, although integral to contributing to the character of the music, is designed to function as accompaniment. A singing melody was a crucial objective in nineteenth-century piano performance, which in part might explain the zeal in transcribing and paraphrasing vocal music for the piano. Friedrich Wieck, father and teacher of Clara Schumann, stressed this point repeatedly in his 1853 treatise Clavier und Gesang (Piano and Song): When I speak in general of singing, I refer to that species of singing which is a form of beauty, and which is a foundation for the most refined and most perfect interpretation of music; and, above all things, I consider the culture of beautiful tones the basis for the finest possible touch on the piano. In many respects, the piano and singing should explain and supplement each other. They should mutually assist in expressing the sublime and the noble, in forms of unclouded beauty. Much of Liszt's piano music should be interpreted with this concept in mind, the Lieder transcriptions and opera paraphrases, in particular. To this end, Liszt provided numerous written instructions to the performer to emphasize the vocal line in performance, with Italian directives such as un poco marcato il canto, accentuato assai il canto and ben pronunziato il canto. Repeated indications of cantando,singend and espressivo il canto stress the significance of the singing tone. As an additional means of achieving this and providing the performer with access to the poetry, Liszt insisted, at what must have been a publishing novelty at the time, on printing the words of the Lied in the music itself. Haslinger, seemingly oblivious to Liszt's intent, initially printed the poems of the early Schubert transcriptions separately inside the front covers. Liszt argued that the transcriptions must be reprinted with the words underlying the notes, exactly as Schubert had done, a request that was honored by printing the words above the right-hand staff. Liszt also incorporated a visual scheme for distinguishing voice and accompaniment, influenced perhaps by Chopin, by notating the accompaniment in cue size. His transcription of Robert Schumann's Fruhlings Ankunft features the vocal line in normal size, the piano accompaniment in reduced size, an unmistakable guide in a busy texture as to which part should be emphasized: Example 1. Schumann-Liszt Fruhlings Ankunft, mm. 1-2. The same practice may be found in the transcription of Schumann's An die Turen will ich schleichen. In this piece, the performer must read three staves, in which the baritone line in the central staff is to be shared between the two hands based on the stem direction of the notes: Example 2. Schumann-Liszt An die Turen will ich schleichen, mm. 1-5. This notational practice is extremely beneficial in this instance, given the challenge of reading three staves and the manner in which the vocal line is performed by the two hands. Curiously, Liszt did not use this practice in other transcriptions. Approaches in Lieder Transcription Liszt adopted a variety of approaches in his Lieder transcriptions, based on the nature of the source material, the ways in which the vocal and piano parts could be combined and the ways in which the vocal part could sing. One approach, common with strophic Lieder, in which the vocal line would be identical in each verse, was to vary the register of the vocal part. The transcription of Lob der Tranen, for example, incorporates three of the four verses of the original Lied, with the register of the vocal line ascending one octave with each verse (from low to high), as if three different voices were participating. By the conclusion, the music encompasses the entire range of Liszt's keyboard to produce a stunning climactic effect, and the variety of register of the vocal line provides a welcome textural variety in the absence of the words. The three verses of the transcription of Auf dem Wasser zu singen follow the same approach, in which the vocal line ascends from the tenor, to the alto and to the soprano registers with each verse. Fruhlingsglaube adopts the opposite approach, in which the vocal line descends from soprano in verse 1 to tenor in verse 2, with the second part of verse 2 again resuming the soprano register; this is also the case in Das Wandern from Mullerlieder. Gretchen am Spinnrade posed a unique problem. Since the poem's narrator is female, and the poem represents an expression of her longing for her lover Faust, variation of the vocal line's register, strictly speaking, would have been impractical. For this reason, the vocal line remains in its original register throughout, relentlessly colliding with the sixteenth-note pattern of the accompaniment. One exception may be found in the fifth and final verse in mm. 93-112, at which point the vocal line is notated in a higher register and doubled in octaves. This sudden textural change, one that is readily audible, was a strategic means to underscore Gretchen's mounting anxiety (My bosom urges itself toward him. Ah, might I grasp and hold him! And kiss him as I would wish, at his kisses I should die!). The transcription, thus, becomes a vehicle for maximizing the emotional content of the poem, an exceptional undertaking with the general intent of a transcription. Registral variation of the vocal part also plays a crucial role in the transcription of Erlkonig. Goethe's poem depicts the death of a child who is apprehended by a supernatural Erlking, and Schubert, recognizing the dramatic nature of the poem, carefully depicted the characters (father, son and Erlking) through unique vocal writing and accompaniment patterns: the Lied is a dramatic entity. Liszt, in turn, followed Schubert's characterization in this literal transcription, yet took it an additional step by placing the register of the father's vocal line in the baritone range, that of the son in the soprano range and that of the Erlking in the highest register, options that would not have been available in the version for voice and piano. Additionally, Liszt labeled each appearance of each character in the score, a means for guiding the performer in interpreting the dramatic qualities of the Lied. As a result, the drama and energy of the poem are enhanced in this transcription; as with Gretchen am Spinnrade, the transcriber has maximized the content of the original. Elaboration may be found in certain Lieder transcriptions that expand the performance to a level of virtuosity not found in the original; in such cases, the transcription approximates the paraphrase. Schubert's Du bist die Ruh, a paradigm of musical simplicity, features an uncomplicated piano accompaniment that is virtually identical in each verse. In Liszt's transcription, the material is subjected to a highly virtuosic treatment that far exceeds the original, including a demanding passage for the left hand alone in the opening measures and unique textural writing in each verse. The piece is a transcription in virtuosity; its art, as Rosen noted, lies in the technique of transformation. Elaboration may entail an expansion of the musical form, as in the extensive introduction to Die Forelle and a virtuosic middle section (mm. 63-85), both of which are not in the original. Also unique to this transcription are two cadenzas that Liszt composed in response to the poetic content. The first, in m. 93 on the words und eh ich es gedacht (and before I could guess it), features a twisted chromatic passage that prolongs and thereby heightens the listener's suspense as to the fate of the trout (which is ultimately caught). The second, in m. 108 on the words Betrogne an (and my blood boiled as I saw the betrayed one), features a rush of diminished-seventh arpeggios in both hands, epitomizing the poet's rage at the fisherman for catching the trout. Less frequent are instances in which the length of the original Lied was shortened in the transcription, a tendency that may be found with certain strophic Lieder (e.g., Der Leiermann, Wasserflut and Das Wandern). Another transcription that demonstrates Liszt's readiness to modify the original in the interests of the poetic content is Standchen, the seventh transcription from Schubert's Schwanengesang. Adapted from Act II of Shakespeare's Cymbeline, the poem represents the repeated beckoning of a man to his lover. Liszt transformed the Lied into a miniature drama by transcribing the vocal line of the first verse in the soprano register, that of the second verse in the baritone register, in effect, creating a dialogue between the two lovers. In mm. 71-102, the dialogue becomes a canon, with one voice trailing the other like an echo (as labeled in the score) at the distance of a beat. As in other instances, the transcription resembles the paraphrase, and it is perhaps for this reason that Liszt provided an ossia version that is more in the nature of a literal transcription. The ossia version, six measures shorter than Schubert's original, is less demanding technically than the original transcription, thus representing an ossia of transcription and an ossia of piano technique. The Schumann Lieder transcriptions, in general, display a less imaginative treatment of the source material. Elaborations are less frequently encountered, and virtuosity is more restricted, as if the passage of time had somewhat tamed the composer's approach to transcriptions; alternatively, Liszt was eager to distance himself from the fierce virtuosity of his early years. In most instances, these transcriptions are literal arrangements of the source material, with the vocal line in its original form combined with the accompaniment, which often doubles the vocal line in the original Lied. Widmung, the first of the Schumann transcriptions, is one exception in the way it recalls the virtuosity of the Schubert transcriptions of the 1830s. Particularly striking is the closing section (mm. 58-73), in which material of the opening verse (right hand) is combined with the triplet quarter notes (left hand) from the second section of the Lied (mm. 32-43), as if the transcriber were attempting to reconcile the different material of these two sections. Fruhlingsnacht resembles a paraphrase by presenting each of the two verses in differing registers (alto for verse 1, mm. 3-19, and soprano for verse 2, mm. 20-31) and by concluding with a virtuosic section that considerably extends the length of the original Lied. The original tonalities of the Lieder were generally retained in the transcriptions, showing that the tonality was an important part of the transcription process. The infrequent instances of transposition were done for specific reasons. In 1861, Liszt transcribed two of Schumann's Lieder, one from Op. 36 (An den Sonnenschein), another from Op. 27 (Dem roten Roslein), and merged these two pieces in the collection 2 Lieder; they share only the common tonality of A major. His choice for combining these two Lieder remains unknown, but he clearly recognized that some tonal variety would be needed, for which reason Dem roten Roslein was transposed to C>= major. The collection features An den Sonnenschein in A major (with a transition to the new tonality), followed by Dem roten Roslein in C>= major (without a change of key signature), and concluding with a reprise of An den Sonnenschein in A major. A three-part form was thus established with tonal variety provided by keys in third relations (A-C>=-A); in effect, two of Schumann's Lieder were transcribed into an archetypal song without words. In other instances, Liszt treated tonality and tonal organization as important structural ingredients, particularly in the transcriptions of Schubert's Lieder cycles, i.e. Schwanengesang, Winterreise a...

(Das vierhaendige Pianobuch). Edited by Sybille Cada / Thomas Peter-Horas. For Piano 4-hands. Modern. Easy to intermediate. Collection. Published by Edition Peters

SKU: HL.49015611

(German Text). Composed by Hans-Guenter Heumann and Monika Heumann. This edition: Hardback/Hard Cover. Book. Edition Schott. Musical reader and reference book all in one - clear, comprehensible, suitable for children! For children aged 8+. Classical. 176 pages. Schott Music #ED9162. Published by Schott Music (HL.49015611).

ISBN 9783795704896. UPC: 073999351682. 8.5x10.75x0.759 inches. German. Andreas Schuermann.

To go on a time travel once in your life is a dream of many children - for Clara and Frederik too. They both love music above all else, and so they undertake an exciting travel through music history: from the Stone Age to the present day.But how does one travel into the Stone Age? A time-travel machine may be helpful - but this is all that is revealed for nowAfter each time travel the reader gets a lot of valuable and interesting information: Which instruments were played at the gladiator fights in ancient Rome? Was Richard Wagner actually wanted under arrest-warrant? What is the origin of the musical?The answers to these and other questions are given in the narrative text as well as on the attractively designed info pages. In addition to such information, this edition contains a quiz to test your knowledge and amusing stories about great composers.With a foreword by Anne-Sophie MutterFor children aged 8+.After studying piano, music education and musicology at the Hanover Musikhochschule and composition in New York und New Orleans, Hans-Gunter Heumann, both as a music teacher and composer, has focussed primarily on the publication of educational piano literature. His main concern is to teach music in a comprehensible way and make it accessible to a wide audience.