Henry Rowley Bishop (born November 18, 1786 in London; died April 30, 1855) was an English musical composer.
He received his artistic training from Francisco Bianchi, and in 1804 wrote the music to a piece called Angelina, which was performed at Margate. His next composition was the music to the ballet of Tamerlan et Bajazet, produced in 1806 at the King's theatre. This proved successful, and was followed within two years by several others, of which Caractacus, a pantomimic ballet written for Drury Lane, may be named.