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| Composer : | Bach, Johann Christian (1743 - 1814) | ||
| Instrumentation : | String Quartet | ||
| Style : | Classical | ||
| Key : | G major | ||
| Arranger : Publisher : | MAGATAGAN, MICHAEL (1960 - ) | ||
| Copyright : | Public Domain | ||
| Added by magataganm, 11 Dec 2020 Johann Christian Bach (1735 – 1782) was a German composer of the Classical era, the eighteenth child of Johann Sebastian Bach, and the youngest of his eleven sons. After a spell in Italy, Bach moved to London in 1762, where he became known as "the London Bach". He is also sometimes known as "the English Bach", and during his time spent living in the British capital, he came to be known as John Bach. He is noted for playing a role in influencing the concerto styles of Haydn and Mozart. He contributed significantly to the development of the new sonata principle. Johann Christian Bach was born to Johann Sebastian and Anna Magdalena Bach in Leipzig, Germany. His distinguished father was already 50 at the time of his birth—an age gap exemplified by the sharp differences in the musical styles of father and son. Even so, father Bach instructed Johann Christian in music until his death in 1750. After his father's death, he worked (and lived) with his second-oldest half brother Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, who was twenty-one years his senior and considered at the time to be the most musically gifted of Bach's sons. Bach lived in Italy for many years starting in 1750, studying with Padre Martini in Bologna. He became organist at the Milan cathedral in 1760. During his time in Italy, he converted from Lutheranism to Catholicism and devoted much time to the composition of church music, including music for a Requiem Mass and a Te Deum. His first major work was a Mass, which received an excellent performance and acclaim in 1757. In 1762, Bach travelled to London to première three operas at the King's Theatre, including Orione on 19 February 1763. In 1764 or 65 the castrato Giusto Fernando Tenducci, who became a close friend, created the title role in his opera Adriano in Siria at King's. That established his reputation in England, and he became music master to Queen Charlotte. In 1766, Bach met soprano Cecilia Grassi, who was eleven years his junior, and married her shortly thereafter. They had no children. J. C. Bach performed symphonies and concertos at the Hanover Square Rooms on the corner of Hanover Square and Hanover Street. This was London’s premier concert venue in the heart of fashionable Mayfair. The surrounding Georgian homes offered well-to-do clientele for his performances. He enjoyed a promising career, first as a composer then as a performer playing alongside Carl Friedrich Abel, the notable player of the viola da gamba. He composed cantatas, chamber music, keyboard and orchestral works, operas and symphonies. One of London’s primary literary circles, which included Jane Timbury, Robert Gunnell Esq., Lord Beauchamp, and the Duchess of Buccleuch, was acquainted with Bach, and members were regular attendees at his events. By the late 1770s, both his popularity and finances were in decline. By the time of Bach's death on New Year's Day 1782, he had become so indebted (in part due to his steward embezzling his money), that Queen Charlotte stepped in to cover the expenses of the estate and provided a life pension for Bach's widow. He was buried in the graveyard of St. Pancras Old Church, London.Johann Sebastian Bach had four sons who followed in his musical footsteps. He taught all four: Wilhelm Friedemann, Carl Philipp Emanuel, Johann Christoph Friedrich, and Johann Christian. Bach died when Johann Christian was only 15, so his older brother Carl Philipp Emanuel took over his musical education. Those two were considered the most talented and accomplished of the sons. Johann Christian Bach was living in London when he met little 8-year-old Wolfgang Mozart. Up until that point, Mozart’s father, violinist and violin textbook author Leopold Mozart, was his primary teacher. J.C. spent about 5 months teaching the child composition, and at least two biographers considered him Mozart’s “only true teacher.” Young Mozart arranged some of J.C.’s music and acknowledged the “artistic debt he owed” to him. This, the Sonata in G Major for 2 keyboards aptly named "Wolfys Duet" as it was performed in duet by both Bach and Mozart at the court of King George III in 1764. Source: Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Christian_Bach) Although originally written for Harpsichord Duet, I created this arrangement of Sonata in G Major (Wolfy's Duet) for String Quartet (2 Violins, Viola & Cello). | |||
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