Mauro Giuliani (1781 - 1829)
Italie

Mauro Giuseppe Sergio Pantaleo Giuliani (July 27, 1781 ? May 8, 1829) was an Italian guitarist and composer, and is considered by many to be one of the leading guitar virtuosi of the early 19th century.

Although born in Bisceglie, Giuliani's center of study was in Barletta where he moved with his brother Nicola in the first years of his life. His first instrumental training was on the cello?an instrument which he never completely abandoned?and he probably also studied the violin. Subsequently he devoted himself to the guitar, becoming a very skilled performer on it in a short time. The names of his teachers are unknown, and we cannot be sure of his exact movements in Italy.



He married Maria Giuseppe del Monaco, and they had a child, Michael, born in Barletta in 1801. After that he was probably in Bologna and Trieste for a brief stay; by the summer of 1806, fresh from his studies of counterpoint, cello and guitar in Italy, he had moved to Vienna without his family. Here he began a relationship with a certain Fräulein Willmuth, with whom he had a daughter, Maria, in 1807.



In Vienna he became acquainted with the classical instrumental style. In 1807 Giuliani began to publish compositions in the classical style. His concert tours took him all over Europe. Everywhere he went he was acclaimed for his virtuosity and musical taste. He achieved great success and became a musical celebrity, equal to the best of the many instrumentalists and composers who were active in the Austrian capital city at the beginning of the 19th century.



Giuliani defined a new role for the guitar in the context of European music. He was acquainted with the highest figures of Austrian society and with notable composers such as Rossini and Beethoven, and cooperated with the best active concert musicians in Vienna. In 1815 he appeared with the pianist Johann Nepomuk Hummel (followed later by Ignaz Moscheles), the violinist Joseph Mayseder and the cellist Joseph Merk, in a series of chamber concerts in the botanical gardens of Schönbrunn Palace, concerts that were called the "Dukaten Concerte", after the price of the ticket, which was a ducat. This exposure gave Giuliani prominence in the musical environment of the city. Also in 1815, he was the official concert artist for the celebrations of the Congress in Vienna. Two years earlier, on the 8th of December, 1813, he had played (probably cello) in an orchestra for the first performance of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony.



In Vienna, Giuliani had minor success as a composer. He worked mostly with the publisher Artaria, who published the large part of his works for guitar, but he had dealings with all the other local publishers, who spread his compositions all over Europe. He developed here a teaching reputation as well; among his numerous students were Bobrowicz and Horetzky.



In 1819 Giuliani left Vienna, mainly for financial reasons: his property and bank accounts were confiscated to pay his debtors. He returned to Italy, spending time in Trieste and Venice, and finally settling in Rome. He brought with him his daughter Emilia, who was born in 1813. She was educated at the nunnery L'adorazione del Gesù from 1821 to 1826, together with Giuliani's illegitimate daughter Maria. In Rome he did not have much success; he published a few compositions and gave only one concert.



In July 1823 he began a series of frequent trips to Naples to be with his father, who was seriously ill. In the Bourbon city of Naples Giuliani would find a better reception to his guitar artistry, and there he was able to publish other works for guitar with local publishers.



In 1826 he performed in Portici before Francesco I and the Bourbon court. In this time, which we could call Giuliani's Neapolitan period, he appeared frequently in duo concert with his daughter Emilia, who had become a skilled performer on the guitar. Toward the end of 1827 the health of the musician began to fail; he died in Naples on 8 May, 1829. The news of his death did not create much of a stir in the Neapolitan musical environment.





As a guitar composer he was very fond of the theme and variations? an extremely popular form in Vienna. He had a remarkable ability to weave a melody into a passage with musical effect while remaining true to the idiom of the instrument. One example of this ability is to be found in his Variations on a theme of Handel, Op. 107. This popular theme, known as "The Harmonious Blacksmith", appears in the Aria from Handel's Suite no. 5 in E for harpsichord.



Giuliani's achievements as a composer were numerous. Giuliani's 150 compositions for guitar with opus number constitute the nucleus of the nineteenth-century guitar repertory. He composed extremely challenging pieces for solo guitar as well as works for orchestra and Guitar-Violin and Guitar-Flute duos.



Outstanding pieces by Giuliani include his three guitar concertos (op. 30-36 and 70); a series of six fantasias for guitar solo, op. 119-124, based on airs from Rossini operas and entitled the "Rossiniane"; several sonatas for violin and guitar and flute and guitar; a quintet, op. 65, for strings and guitar; some collections for voice and guitar, and a Grand Overture written in the Italian style. He also transcribed many symphonic works, both for solo guitar and guitar duo. One such transcription arranges the overture to The Barber of Seville by Rossini, for two guitars. There are further numerous didactic works, among which is a method for guitar that is used frequently by teachers to this day.



Today, Giuliani's concertos and solo pieces are performed by professionals and still demonstrate the ability of the guitarist to play the piece, as well as Giuliani's natural ability as a composer for the classical guitar.



Selected list of compositions

Main article: List of compositions by Mauro Giuliani

Rondo en La Mayor, op. 14 no. 4 (guitar)

Sonata, op. 15 (guitar) c. 1812

Duo Concertante, op. 25 (violin & guitar)

Concerto, op. 30 (guitar & orchestra), c. 1812

Grandi Variazioni Concertanti, op. 35 (two guitars) c. 1833

Gran Concerto, op. 36 (guitar & orchestra), c. 1812

Gran Concerto, op. 36 (guitar & pianoforte), c. 1824

Sei variazioni sull'aria "A Schisserl und a Reindl", op. 38 (guitar), 1812

Sei Cavatine, op. 39 Canto e Chitarra

Gran Duetto Concertante, op. 52 (flute or violin & guitar), c. 1812

Grande Ouverture, op. 61 (guitar) 1809

Gran Quintetto, op. 65 (two violins, viola, cello & guitar), c. 1812

Gran Concerto, op. 70 (guitar & orchestra), c. 1822

Gran Concerto, op. 70 (guitar & pianoforte), c. 1824

Gran Serenata, op. 82 (flute & guitar)

Gran Duetto Concertante, op. 85 (flute or violin & guitar), c. 1817

Variazioni Brillanti, op. 87 (guitar) c. 1815

Grandi Variazioni, op. 88 (guitar)

Sei Lieder, op. 89 (soprano & guitar)

Tre Sonate Brillanti, op. 96 (guitar)

Rossiniana, op. 119 (guitar) c. 1820

Rossiniana, op. 120 (guitar) c. 1821

Rossiniana, op. 121 (guitar) c. 1821

Rossiniana, op. 122 (guitar) c. 1824

Rossiniana, op. 123 (guitar) c. 1824

Rossiniana, op. 124 (guitar) c. 1828

Polonesi concertanti, op. 137 (two guitars)

Gran Sonata Eroica, op. 150 (guitar) c. 1843 (Hide extended text) ... (Read all)
Source : Wikipedia

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Le Papillon (Op.50)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) (original instrumentation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate

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By tonywilkinson, the 13 Oct 2009

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Maestoso (Opus 1-4-1 - high)
Mauro Giuliani

Viola, Guitar / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 24 Apr 2017

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24 prime lezioni progressive per chitarra sola (Op. 139. Partie 1a)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) (original instrumentation) / 2 PDF / Intermediate

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By Fs, the 27 Oct 2006

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Grazioso (Opus 50-4 - low)
Mauro Giuliani

Viola, Guitar / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 07 May 2017

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Allegretto (Opus 50-8)
Mauro Giuliani

Recorder, Bassoon / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 15 Feb 2018

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6 Variations (Op.64)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate

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By tonywilkinson, the 29 Apr 2011

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Etude (8 exercises) (Op.90a)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate

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By tonywilkinson, the 04 Sep 2010

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Allegro
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / Intermediate
Arranger : Lenz, Richard

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1

By rlenz, the 18 Nov 2018

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Grazioso (Opus 50-4 - in C - high)
Mauro Giuliani

Viola, Guitar / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 07 May 2017

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Capriccio
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (with tabs) / 1 PDF / MIDI / Intermediate

Arranger : Mustafa, Kemal Düzgören

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By mustafa-kemal-duzgoren, the 19 Oct 2006

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Duet concertant for Guitar and Violin (Op. 25)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar, Violin (original instrumentation) / 1 PDF / Intermediate

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By Fs, the 27 Oct 2006

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6 Variations (Op.81)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar, Flute or Violin (original instrumentation) / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 / MIDI Interpreted / Intermediate

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By tonywilkinson, the 16 Oct 2009

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6 Airs Irlandois nationales Variees (Op.125)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate

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1825
By tonywilkinson, the 03 Nov 2009

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Andantino (Opus 50-9 - high)
Mauro Giuliani

2 Guitars (Duet) / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 15 Apr 2017

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Andantino (Opus 50-9 - high)
Mauro Giuliani

Flute and Guitar / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 06 Apr 2017

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6 Grand Variations (Op.112 No.4)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate
Arranger : Wilkinson, Tony

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By tonywilkinson, the 15 Jan 2019

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6 Grand Variations (Op.112 No.5)
Mauro Giuliani

Guitar solo (standard notation) / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate
Arranger : Wilkinson, Tony

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By tonywilkinson, the 15 Jan 2019

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Opus 18, n°2
Mauro Giuliani

Flute and Guitar / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate
Arranger : Chauve, Thierry

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2015
By thierry-chauve, the 18 Sep 2015

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Opus 18, n°3
Mauro Giuliani

Flute and Guitar / 1 PDF / 1 MP3 / MIDI / Intermediate
Arranger : Chauve, Thierry

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2015
By thierry-chauve, the 27 Sep 2015

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Allegretto (Opus 50-15 - low)
Mauro Giuliani

Flute and Bassoon / 3 PDF / 2 MP3 Play-along / Intermediate
Arranger : Behrens, Ralf

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By ralfbehrens, the 26 Dec 2016

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